Hyphenation ofgroothandelsprijzen
Syllable Division:
gro-ot-han-del-sprij-zen
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˈɣroːtɦɑndəlˌsprɛi̯zə(n)/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
101010
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable of 'groothandel' ('del'). Secondary stress on 'prij'.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, onset consonant cluster 'gr', long vowel 'oo'.
Closed syllable, onset consonant 'o', coda consonant 't'.
Open syllable, onset consonant 'h', vowel 'a'.
Closed syllable, onset consonant 'd', vowel 'e', coda consonant 'l'. Primary stress.
Diphthongal syllable, complex onset 'spr', diphthong 'ei'.
Closed syllable, onset consonant 'z', vowel 'e', coda consonant 'n'.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix:
Root: groot-handel-prijzen
Compound root consisting of 'groot' (large), 'handel' (trade), and 'prijzen' (prices).
Suffix: -s
Plural marker of Germanic origin.
Prices at which goods are sold in wholesale quantities.
Translation: Wholesale prices
Examples:
"De groothandelsprijzen zijn gestegen."
"We vergelijken de groothandelsprijzen met die van de concurrentie."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters and stress pattern.
Similar compound structure and stress pattern.
Similar plural formation with the '-s' suffix and stress on the penultimate syllable.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Preference
Dutch favors syllables ending in vowels.
Consonant Cluster Rule
Consonant clusters are maintained within a syllable unless easily separable.
Penultimate Stress
Primary stress falls on the second-to-last syllable.
Compound Word Syllabification
Each component of a compound word is syllabified separately.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The 'spr' cluster is treated as a single onset.
Regional variations in vowel pronunciation may exist but do not affect syllabification.
Summary:
The word 'groothandelsprijzen' is a compound noun syllabified into six syllables: gro-ot-han-del-sprij-zen. Primary stress falls on 'del'. The word is composed of roots 'groot', 'handel', and 'prijzen' with a plural suffix '-s'. Syllabification follows Dutch rules prioritizing open syllables and maintaining consonant clusters.
Detailed Analysis:
Dutch Word Analysis: groothandelsprijzen
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "groothandelsprijzen" (wholesale prices) is a compound noun in Dutch. Its pronunciation involves a sequence of consonant clusters and vowel sounds typical of the language. The 'g' is a voiced velar fricative, and the 'oo' is a long vowel. The 'sprijzen' part presents a challenge due to the 'spr' cluster.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Dutch syllabification rules, which prioritize open syllables (syllables ending in a vowel) whenever possible, and respecting consonant clusters, the division is as follows (see JSON output for the orthographic representation).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- groothandel:
- groot- (root): Meaning "large, big". Origin: Proto-Germanic grōts. Morphological function: Adjectival root.
- -handel (root): Meaning "trade, commerce". Origin: Proto-Germanic *handal-. Morphological function: Noun root.
- sprijzen:
- prijzen (root): Meaning "prices". Origin: Proto-Germanic preisō. Morphological function: Noun root.
- -s (suffix): Plural marker. Origin: Germanic. Morphological function: Grammatical marker.
4. Stress Identification:
Dutch stress is generally on the penultimate (second-to-last) syllable. In this case, the primary stress falls on "-del-" in "groothandel". The second stress falls on "-prij-" in "sprijzen".
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ˈɣroːtɦɑndəlˌsprɛi̯zə(n)/
6. Edge Case Review:
The 'spr' cluster is a common challenge in Dutch syllabification. It's generally treated as a single onset, but can sometimes be split depending on the following vowel. In this case, it remains a single onset.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: groothandelsprijzen
- Translation: Wholesale prices
- Grammatical Category: Noun (plural)
- Synonyms: partijprijzen, handels prijzen
- Antonyms: detailhandelsprijzen (retail prices)
- Examples:
- "De groothandelsprijzen zijn gestegen." (Wholesale prices have increased.)
- "We vergelijken de groothandelsprijzen met die van de concurrentie." (We compare the wholesale prices with those of the competition.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- woordenboek (dictionary): woor-den-boek. Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters. Stress on the penultimate syllable.
- handelsonderneming (trading company): han-dels-on-der-ne-ming. Similar compound structure and stress pattern.
- marktplaatsen (marketplaces): markt-plaats-en. Similar plural formation with the '-s' suffix and stress on the penultimate syllable.
The differences lie in the specific consonant clusters and vowel qualities, but the overall syllabification principles remain consistent.
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Regional variations in vowel pronunciation exist in Dutch, but they do not significantly alter the syllabification. Some speakers might pronounce the 'oo' slightly differently, but the syllable boundaries remain the same.
11. Division Rules:
- Open Syllable Preference: Dutch favors open syllables (ending in a vowel).
- Consonant Cluster Rule: Consonant clusters are generally maintained within a syllable unless they are easily separable based on phonotactic constraints.
- Penultimate Stress: Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable.
- Compound Word Syllabification: Each component of a compound word is syllabified separately before combining.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.