Hyphenation ofleerlingvriendelijk
Syllable Division:
leer-ling-vrien-de-lijk
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˈleːr.lɪŋ.vriːn.də.lɛi̯k/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00100
The primary stress (1) falls on the third syllable, 'vrien-', following the typical Dutch penultimate stress rule. The other syllables are unstressed (0).
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, containing a long vowel /eː/ and a voiced alveolar plosive /r/.
Closed syllable, containing a short vowel /ɪ/ and a velar nasal /ŋ/.
Closed syllable, containing a long vowel /iː/ and a voiced alveolar plosive /n/. Primary stressed syllable.
Open syllable, containing a schwa /ə/.
Closed syllable, containing a diphthong /eɪ̯/ and a voiceless velar plosive /k/.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix:
No prefix present.
Root: leerling, vriend
Both roots are Germanic in origin, denoting 'student' and 'friend' respectively.
Suffix: elijk
Germanic adjectival suffix meaning '-ly', '-like', or '-friendly'.
Suitable for or designed to be easily understood or used by students or learners.
Translation: Student-friendly, learner-friendly
Examples:
"De cursus is zeer leerlingvriendelijk."
"Een leerlingvriendelijke uitleg."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar compound structure with the 'vriendelijk' suffix, exhibiting the same stress pattern.
Similar compound structure with the 'vriendelijk' suffix, exhibiting the same stress pattern.
Similar compound structure with the 'vriendelijk' suffix, exhibiting the same stress pattern.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel-Centered Syllables
Each syllable generally contains a vowel sound, forming the nucleus of the syllable.
Avoid Digraph Splitting
Digraphs like 'ee', 'ui', 'ie' are kept together within a single syllable to maintain phonological integrity.
Consonant Clusters
Consonant clusters are considered, but Dutch often favors keeping them intact within a syllable unless they are particularly complex.
Penultimate Stress
Primary stress typically falls on the second-to-last syllable in Dutch words.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The pronunciation of the 'lijk' suffix can vary slightly (/leɪ̯k/ or /lək/), but this does not affect the syllabification.
Regional variations in pronunciation may exist, but the core syllabification principles remain consistent.
Summary:
The Dutch adjective 'leerlingvriendelijk' (student-friendly) is divided into five syllables: leer-ling-vrien-de-lijk. Stress falls on 'vrien-'. The word is a compound of 'leerling' (student), 'vriend' (friend), and the suffix 'elijk' (-friendly). Syllabification adheres to vowel-centered rules and avoids digraph splits, consistent with Dutch phonology.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "leerlingvriendelijk" (Dutch)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "leerlingvriendelijk" is a Dutch adjective meaning "student-friendly" or "learner-friendly". It's a compound word, built from multiple morphemes. Pronunciation involves a mix of vowel qualities and consonant clusters typical of Dutch.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Dutch syllabification rules, which prioritize vowel sounds and avoid splitting digraphs (like 'ee', 'ui'), the word is divided as follows (see JSON output for the orthographic representation).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- leerling: (root) - "student", "learner". Origin: Germanic. Morphological function: Noun.
- vriend: (root) - "friend". Origin: Germanic. Morphological function: Noun.
- elijk: (suffix) - "-ly", "-like", "-friendly". Origin: Germanic. Morphological function: Adjectival suffix, forming adjectives from nouns.
4. Stress Identification:
Dutch stress is generally on the penultimate (second-to-last) syllable. In this case, the primary stress falls on "vrien-".
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ˈleːr.lɪŋ.vriːn.də.lɛi̯k/
6. Edge Case Review:
Dutch syllabification can be complex with consonant clusters. The 'vriend' part presents a cluster that needs careful consideration. The 'lijk' suffix is also a common source of variation in pronunciation.
7. Grammatical Role:
"Leerlingvriendelijk" functions solely as an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its use in a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Suitable for or designed to be easily understood or used by students or learners.
- Translation: Student-friendly, learner-friendly.
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Synonyms: gebruiksvriendelijk (user-friendly), begrijpelijk (understandable)
- Antonyms: ingewikkeld (complicated), moeilijk (difficult)
- Examples:
- "De cursus is zeer leerlingvriendelijk." (The course is very student-friendly.)
- "Een leerlingvriendelijke uitleg." (A student-friendly explanation.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- 'schoolvriendelijk' (school-friendly): scho-ol-vrien-de-lijk. Similar structure, stress on 'vrien-'.
- 'werkplekvriendelijk' (workplace-friendly): werk-plek-vrien-de-lijk. Similar structure, stress on 'vrien-'.
- 'milieuvriendelijk' (environment-friendly): mi-lieu-vrien-de-lijk. Similar structure, stress on 'vrien-'.
The consistent stress pattern on the 'vrien-' syllable across these words demonstrates the regularity of Dutch stress rules in compound adjectives formed with 'vriend'. The syllable division follows the same principles of vowel-centered syllables and avoiding digraph splits.
10. Division Rules:
- Vowel-Centered Syllables: Each syllable generally contains a vowel sound.
- Avoid Digraph Splitting: Digraphs like 'ee', 'ui', 'ie' are kept together within a syllable.
- Consonant Clusters: Consonant clusters are often split based on sonority (ease of articulation), but Dutch tends to favor keeping clusters intact if possible.
- Penultimate Stress: Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable.
11. Special Considerations:
The 'lijk' suffix can sometimes be pronounced with a reduced vowel /lək/, but the full vowel /leɪ̯k/ is also common and doesn't affect syllabification. Regional variations in pronunciation might exist, but the core syllabification principles remain consistent.
12. Short Analysis:
"Leerlingvriendelijk" is a compound adjective meaning "student-friendly". It's syllabified as leer-ling-vrien-de-lijk, with primary stress on "vrien-". The word is built from the roots "leerling" (student) and "vriend" (friend), combined with the adjectival suffix "elijk". Syllabification follows vowel-centered rules and avoids splitting digraphs.
The hottest word splits in Dutch
See what terms are trending and getting hyphenated by users right now.
- ic-infrastructuur
- abdiceer
- Abchazië
- abcessen
- Abbekerk
- abc-boek
- Abbeweer
- abubakar
- abrikoos
- abattoir
- absoute
- abdellah
- abdullah
- abdallah
- absurds
- absurde
- abusief
- abuizen
- absente
- absence
What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the use of hyphens to join words or parts of words. It plays a crucial role in writing, ensuring clarity and readability.
In compound terms like 'check-in', the hyphen clarifies relationships between words. It also assists in breaking words at line ends, preserving flow and understanding, such as in 'tele-communication'. Hyphenation rules vary; some words lose their hyphens with common usage (e.g., 'email' from 'e-mail'). It's an evolving aspect of language, with guidelines differing across style manuals. Understanding hyphenation improves writing quality, making it an indispensable tool in effective communication.