Hyphenation ofstemmenverhoudingen
Syllable Division:
stem-men-ver-hou-din-gen
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˈstɛmə(n)vərˈɦoːdɪŋə(n)/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
001000
Primary stress falls on the antepenultimate syllable ('ver-'). The stress pattern is typical for Dutch words of this length and complexity.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, containing the root of the word.
Closed syllable, containing a suffix.
Open syllable, containing a prefix and receiving primary stress.
Open syllable, part of the root.
Closed syllable, part of the root.
Open syllable, containing a suffix.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: ver-
Germanic origin, intensifying prefix.
Root: stem-houding
Combination of 'stem' (voice/vote) and 'houding' (relationship/attitude), both Germanic origins.
Suffix: -men-en
Germanic origin, pluralization and nominalization suffixes.
The relationships between votes or voices; the proportions or ratios of votes cast.
Translation: Vote ratios, voting proportions.
Examples:
"De stemmenverhoudingen in de regio waren verrassend."
"De analyse van de stemmenverhoudingen gaf inzicht in de politieke voorkeuren."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar syllable structure with multiple suffixes and consonant clusters.
Similar prefix and suffix structure, complex morphology.
Complex word with multiple morphemes and consonant clusters, similar length.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel-centric Syllabification
Dutch prioritizes vowels as syllable nuclei. Each syllable must contain a vowel sound.
Consonant Cluster Resolution
Consonant clusters are split to avoid creating syllables without vowels, but digraphs and affricates are kept together.
Morpheme Boundaries
Syllable division often respects morpheme boundaries, separating prefixes, roots, and suffixes.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Regional variations in pronunciation, particularly regarding the reduction of schwa sounds (/ə/).
Potential for elision of the final '-en' in rapid speech.
The stress on 'ver-' is typical but could be slightly altered in very rapid speech.
Summary:
The Dutch noun 'stemmenverhoudingen' (vote ratios) is divided into six syllables: stem-men-ver-hou-din-gen. Primary stress falls on 'ver-'. The word is morphologically complex, consisting of a prefix, root, and suffixes. Syllabification follows vowel-centric rules and respects morpheme boundaries.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "stemmenverhoudingen" (Dutch)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "stemmenverhoudingen" is a complex Dutch noun. It's pronounced roughly as [ˈstɛmə(n)vərˈɦoːdɪŋə(n)] (though regional variations exist, particularly regarding the schwa /ə/ sounds). It consists of multiple morphemes and presents challenges in syllabification due to consonant clusters.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Dutch syllabification rules, which prioritize vowel sounds and avoid splitting digraphs/affricates, the division is as follows (see JSON output for the orthographic representation).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- stem-: Root. From Dutch "stem" meaning 'voice' or 'vote'. Origin: Germanic. Morphological function: Noun base.
- -men: Suffix. Formed from the infinitive ending "-en" and the plural marker "-m". Origin: Germanic. Morphological function: Indicates pluralization and nominalization.
- -ver-: Prefix. Origin: Germanic. Morphological function: Intensifying or modifying prefix, often indicating a relationship or comparison.
- -houding-: Root. From Dutch "houding" meaning 'attitude', 'bearing', or 'relationship'. Origin: Germanic. Morphological function: Noun base.
- -en: Suffix. Origin: Germanic. Morphological function: Plural marker.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the antepenultimate syllable: "ver-". This is typical for Dutch words of this length and complexity.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ˈstɛmə(n)vərˈɦoːdɪŋə(n)/
6. Edge Case Review:
The "ver-" prefix can sometimes be unstressed, but in this case, it receives primary stress. The schwa sounds /ə/ are often reduced or elided in rapid speech, but are present in careful pronunciation. The final "-en" is often reduced to /n/ in speech.
7. Grammatical Role:
"stemmenverhoudingen" is a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: The relationships between votes or voices; the proportions or ratios of votes cast.
- Translation: Vote ratios, voting proportions.
- Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine)
- Synonyms: stemmenpatronen (voting patterns), verkiezingsuitslagen (election results)
- Antonyms: (Difficult to define a direct antonym, as it's a descriptive term)
- Examples:
- "De stemmenverhoudingen in de regio waren verrassend." (The vote ratios in the region were surprising.)
- "De analyse van de stemmenverhoudingen gaf inzicht in de politieke voorkeuren." (The analysis of the vote ratios provided insight into the political preferences.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- woordenboekken (dictionaries): wo-or-den-boek-ken. Similar syllable structure with multiple suffixes. Stress on the penultimate syllable.
- overeenkomsten (similarities): o-ver-ee-en-kom-sten. Similar prefix and suffix structure. Stress on the antepenultimate syllable.
- tegenoverstellingen (contrasts): te-ge-no-ver-stel-lin-gen. Complex word with multiple morphemes and consonant clusters. Stress on the antepenultimate syllable.
The differences in stress placement are due to the length and morphological structure of each word. Longer words tend to have stress further from the end.
10. Division Rules:
- Vowel-centric Syllabification: Dutch prioritizes vowels as syllable nuclei.
- Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are generally split to avoid creating syllables without vowels, but digraphs and affricates are kept together.
- Morpheme Boundaries: Syllable division often respects morpheme boundaries.
11. Special Considerations:
The word is relatively complex and could be subject to slight variations in pronunciation and syllabification depending on regional dialects. The schwa sounds are particularly prone to reduction.
12. Short Analysis:
"stemmenverhoudingen" is a Dutch noun meaning 'vote ratios'. It's syllabified as stem-men-ver-hou-din-gen, with primary stress on "ver-". It's composed of the root "stem", the suffix "-men", the prefix "ver-", the root "houding", and the suffix "-en". The syllabification follows vowel-centric rules and respects morpheme boundaries.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.