Hyphenation ofkardinalspørsmål
Syllable Division:
kar-di-nal-spør-smål
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˈkɑːrdiˌnɑːlˌspœrsmɔːl/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
01001
Primary stress falls on the third syllable ('di'), following the general Nynorsk rule of stressing the first syllable of the root, but influenced by the compound structure.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable (CV), initial syllable.
Open syllable (CV).
Open syllable (CV).
Closed syllable (CVC).
Closed syllable (CVC), final syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: kar-
Latin origin (*cardinalis*), denoting fundamental or principal.
Root: -din-
From *cardinal*, core meaning relating to a fundamental principle.
Suffix: -al-
Latin-derived adjectival suffix.
A fundamental or principal question; a question of primary importance.
Translation: Cardinal question
Examples:
"Det kardinalspørsmålet er om vi har råd til dette."
"Forskerne diskuterte det kardinalspørsmålet i flere timer."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar syllable structure with alternating open and closed syllables.
Similar open syllable preference.
Demonstrates the compounding pattern and stress shift.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Preference
Nynorsk favors open syllables (CV) whenever possible.
Consonant Cluster Onsets
Initial consonant clusters are allowed as onsets.
Vowel-Consonant Division
Syllables are often divided after a vowel followed by a consonant.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The 'spørsmål' compound suffix is a common construction and doesn't present unusual syllabification challenges.
The 'rd' cluster in 'kardinal' is a typical consonant cluster and treated as a single onset.
Potential palatalization of the final 'l' in some Eastern Norwegian dialects.
Summary:
The word 'kardinalspørsmål' is divided into five syllables: kar-di-nal-spør-smål. Stress falls on the third syllable. The word is morphologically complex, with Latin-derived prefixes and suffixes, and a Nynorsk compound suffix. Syllabification follows the Nynorsk preference for open syllables and allows for initial consonant clusters.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "kardinalspørsmål" (Norwegian Nynorsk)
1. Pronunciation Considerations:
The word "kardinalspørsmål" is pronounced with a relatively consistent vowel quality across its syllables, typical of Nynorsk. The 'r' is alveolar, and the 's' is voiceless. The final 'l' is often palatalized, especially in Eastern Norwegian dialects.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Nynorsk syllable division rules, which generally favor open syllables (CV) whenever possible, and respecting consonant clusters, the word breaks down as follows.
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: kar- (Latin cardinalis - relating to a cardinal number or principle) - denotes fundamental or principal.
- Root: -din- (from cardinal) - core meaning relating to a fundamental principle.
- Suffix: -al- (Latin -al-) - adjectival suffix.
- Suffix: -spørsmål (Nynorsk) - meaning "question". This is a compound suffix: spør- (ask) + -smål (small, diminutive, often used to form nouns).
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the third syllable: di in kar-di-NAL-spør-smål. Nynorsk generally stresses the first syllable of the root, but in compounds, the stress can shift.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ˈkɑːrdiˌnɑːlˌspœrsmɔːl/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
- kar-: /kɑːr/ - Open syllable (CV). Rule: Prefer open syllables. Exception: Initial consonant clusters are allowed.
- di-: /ˈdiː/ - Open syllable (CV). Rule: Vowel followed by consonant.
- nal-: /nɑːl/ - Open syllable (CV). Rule: Vowel followed by consonant.
- spør-: /spœr/ - Closed syllable (CVC). Rule: Consonant cluster followed by vowel.
- smål-: /smɔːl/ - Closed syllable (CVC). Rule: Consonant cluster followed by vowel.
7. Edge Case Review:
The 'spørsmål' compound suffix is a common construction in Nynorsk and doesn't present unusual syllabification challenges. The 'rd' cluster in 'kardinal' is a typical consonant cluster in Norwegian and is treated as a single onset.
8. Grammatical Role:
"Kardinalspørsmål" functions primarily as a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical context.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: A fundamental or principal question; a question of primary importance.
- Translation: Cardinal question
- Grammatical Category: Noun (neuter gender)
- Synonyms: Hovedspørsmål (main question), grunnleggende spørsmål (basic question)
- Antonyms: Bisak (minor issue), detaljspørsmål (detail question)
- Examples:
- "Det kardinalspørsmålet er om vi har råd til dette." (The cardinal question is whether we can afford this.)
- "Forskerne diskuterte det kardinalspørsmålet i flere timer." (The researchers discussed the cardinal question for several hours.)
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
In some Eastern Norwegian dialects, the final 'l' in "smål" might be palatalized, affecting the vowel quality slightly. However, this doesn't change the syllable division.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- problemstilling (problem situation): pro-blem-stil-ling - Similar syllable structure with alternating open and closed syllables.
- universitet (university): u-ni-ver-si-tet - Similar open syllable preference.
- samfunnsproblem (social problem): sam-funns-pro-blem - Demonstrates the compounding pattern and stress shift.
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