Hyphenation ofkopieringsutgift

Norwegian Nynorsk Word Analysis: kopieringsutgift

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "kopieringsutgift" (copying expense) is a compound noun in Norwegian Nynorsk. It's pronounced with relatively straightforward vowel and consonant sounds, though the 'g' can have regional variation (see section 10). The word is relatively long, making accurate syllabification crucial.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Nynorsk syllabification rules, which generally favor maximizing onsets (consonant clusters at the beginning of a syllable), the word is divided as follows (see JSON output for the exact format).

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: ko- (from kopiere - to copy). Origin: Latin copiare (to copy). Morphological function: Forms the noun from the verb.
• Root: pier- (from kopiere - to copy). Origin: Latin copiare (to copy). Morphological function: Core meaning of copying.
• Suffix: -ings- (nominalizing suffix, forming a noun from a verb). Origin: Germanic. Morphological function: Creates a noun denoting the action of copying.
• Suffix: -utgift (expense). Origin: Germanic. Morphological function: Denotes a cost or expenditure.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: ut-gift. This is typical for Nynorsk nouns.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ˈkɔpɪˌɾɪŋsˌutɡɪft/

6. Edge Case Review:

The 'ng' cluster in kopierings can sometimes be treated as a single unit, but in Nynorsk, it's generally split across syllables, especially when followed by a vowel. The 'r' is a tapped or trilled 'r' depending on the dialect.

7. Grammatical Role:

"kopieringsutgift" functions solely as a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical context within a sentence.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: The cost associated with making copies.
• Translation: Copying expense
• Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine gender)
• Synonyms: kopikostnad (copy cost)
• Antonyms: None directly applicable.
• Examples:
  • "Ho måtte betale ein stor kopieringsutgift." (She had to pay a large copying expense.)
  • "Kopieringsutgifta var høgare enn budsjettert." (The copying expense was higher than budgeted.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• fotografering: fo-to-gra-fe-ring. Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters. Stress on the penultimate syllable.
• datamaskinsystem: da-ta-mas-kins-sys-tem. Longer compound noun, also with stress on the penultimate syllable.
• arbeidsløysinga: ar-beids-løy-sin-ga. Demonstrates the typical Nynorsk pattern of breaking up consonant clusters into syllables.

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

The 'g' in -utgift can be pronounced as /ɡ/ in some dialects (Eastern Norwegian) or /x/ (a velar fricative) in others (Western Norwegian). This doesn't affect the syllabification, but it does alter the phonetic realization.

11. Syllable Division Rules Applied:

• Onset Maximization: Consonant clusters are generally kept together at the beginning of a syllable (e.g., ko-, pier-).
• Vowel Peak Principle: Each syllable must contain a vowel sound.
• Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables generally follow a sonority hierarchy (vowels are more sonorous than consonants).
• Compound Word Syllabification: Compound words are syllabified based on the individual morphemes.