Hyphenation ofpersonlighetsforandring

Norwegian Nynorsk Word Analysis: personlighetsforandring

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "personlighetsforandring" (personality change) is a complex noun in Norwegian Nynorsk. It's a compound word, built from several morphemes. Pronunciation follows Nynorsk standards, with a relatively even stress distribution, though the final syllable tends to be less prominent.

2. Syllable Division:

The syllable division, adhering to the rule of maximizing onsets (consonant clusters are kept together as much as possible), is as follows (using only the original letters):

per-son-lig-hets-for-an-dring

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: per- (Latin, meaning "through" or "completely" - though its function here is more intensifying/completing the action of the root)
• Root: son- (from person, Latin via French, meaning "person")
• Suffixes:
  • -lig- (Germanic, adjectival suffix, forming adjectives meaning "relating to" or "having the quality of")
  • -hets- (Nynorsk/Norwegian, nominalizing suffix, forming abstract nouns denoting a quality or state)
  • -for- (Germanic, prefix meaning "change" or "alteration")
  • -andring (Germanic, suffix meaning "change" or "alteration")

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the lig syllable. Secondary stress is present on for. The stress pattern is relatively flat, typical of Nynorsk.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/pɛrˈsɔnˌlɪɡˌhetsfɔˈrɑnˌdrɪŋ/

6. Edge Case Review:

Nynorsk allows for both "hard" and "soft" pronunciation of consonants. The 'g' in 'lighets' can be pronounced as a velar fricative [ɣ] in some dialects. The 'r' is often alveolar approximant [ɹ] in Eastern Norwegian dialects.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is primarily a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical function, as it's a single, complex noun form.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: A change in someone's personality.
• Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine gender)
• Translation: Personality change
• Synonyms: personendring (person change), karakterendring (character change)
• Antonyms: personlighetsstabilitet (personality stability)
• Examples:
  • "Ho opplevde ei stor personlighetsforandring etter ulykka." (She experienced a big personality change after the accident.)
  • "Psykologen studerte pasientens personlighetsforandring." (The psychologist studied the patient's personality change.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• vennskap (friendship): ven-skap. Similar structure with a compound noun. Stress on the first syllable.
• samarbeid (cooperation): sam-ar-beid. Three syllables, similar consonant clusters. Stress on the first syllable.
• utdanning (education): ut-dan-ning. Three syllables, similar suffix structure. Stress on the second syllable.

The difference in stress placement in "personlighetsforandring" compared to "vennskap" and "samarbeid" is due to the length and complexity of the word, and the presence of multiple suffixes. "utdanning" shows a different stress pattern, likely due to the different root and suffix combination.

10. Division Rules:

• Onset Maximization: Consonant clusters are kept together (e.g., for, lig).
• Vowel Peak Principle: Each syllable must contain a vowel sound.
• Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables generally follow a sonority hierarchy (vowels are more sonorous than consonants).

11. Special Considerations:

The compound nature of the word presents a challenge. While each morpheme has a potential stress, the overall stress pattern is determined by the word's length and the relative prominence of each component.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

As mentioned, the 'g' in 'lighets' can be pronounced as [ɣ] in some dialects. The 'r' sound can also vary. These variations don't significantly alter the syllable division.