Hyphenation oftollnedsetting

Analysis of "tollnedsetting" in Norwegian Nynorsk

1. Pronunciation Considerations:

The word "tollnedsetting" is a compound noun in Nynorsk. Its pronunciation follows the general rules of Nynorsk, which are relatively consistent. The 'll' represents a velarized alveolar lateral approximant, and vowel qualities are crucial for distinguishing syllables.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Nynorsk syllable division rules, which prioritize maximizing onsets and respecting vowel sequences, the word is divided as follows (using only the original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• toll - Root. Origin: Old Norse tóll meaning "toll, payment". Morphological function: Noun, referring to a fee.
• ned - Prefix. Origin: Old Norse ned meaning "down". Morphological function: Adverbial prefix indicating reduction or lowering.
• setting - Suffix. Origin: From the verb å sette (to set, place) with the suffix -ing. Morphological function: Nominalizing suffix, creating a noun from a verb, indicating the action of setting down or reducing.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the first syllable, "toll". This is typical for Nynorsk compound nouns.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/tɔlːnɛdˈsɛtːɪŋ/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• toll /tɔlː/ - Open syllable. Rule: Maximizing onsets. The 't' initiates the syllable, followed by the diphthong 'ɔlː'. No exceptions.
• ned /nɛd/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel structure. The 'n' initiates the syllable, followed by the vowel 'e' and the consonant 'd'. No exceptions.
• set /sɛtː/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel-consonant structure. The 's' initiates the syllable, followed by the vowel 'e', and the consonant 't'. The 't' is geminated.
• ting /tɪŋ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel-consonant structure. The 't' initiates the syllable, followed by the vowel 'i', and the consonant 'ng'. The 'ng' is a single phoneme in Nynorsk.

7. Edge Case Review:

The gemination of 't' in "set" and "ting" is a common feature of Nynorsk and is crucial for pronunciation. The 'll' in "toll" is a velarized alveolar lateral approximant, which is a characteristic sound in Norwegian.

8. Grammatical Role:

"Tollnedsetting" functions primarily as a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical context, as it's a fixed compound.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: A reduction in toll fees.
• Translation: Toll reduction
• Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine gender)
• Synonyms: Tolllettelse (toll relief)
• Antonyms: Tolløkning (toll increase)
• Examples:
  • "Regjeringen foreslo en tollnedsetting på bensin." (The government proposed a toll reduction on gasoline.)
  • "Tollnedsettingen vil gagne mange bilister." (The toll reduction will benefit many drivers.)

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Regional variations in Nynorsk pronunciation are relatively minor. Some dialects might exhibit slight differences in vowel quality, but the syllable division remains consistent.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• billigbil: /bɪlːɪɡbɪl/ - Syllables: bil-lig-bil. Similar structure with consonant clusters.
• fotballsko: /fɔtːbɑlːsko/ - Syllables: fot-ball-sko. Similar compound structure with stress on the first syllable.
• fjellvandring: /fjɛlːvɑnːdrɪŋ/ - Syllables: fjell-van-dring. Similar compound structure with geminated consonants.

The differences lie in the specific consonant and vowel sequences, but the underlying principle of maximizing onsets and adhering to vowel-consonant patterns remains consistent. The gemination of consonants is also a common feature in all these words.