Hyphenation ofutgangshastighet

Analysis of "utgangshastighet" (Norwegian Nynorsk)

1. Pronunciation Considerations:

The word "utgangshastighet" is a compound noun meaning "initial velocity" or "starting speed." Pronunciation in Nynorsk can vary slightly regionally, but generally follows established rules. The 'g' is a velar fricative /ɣ/, and 'h' is often silent or functions as a vowel lengthener.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Nynorsk syllable division rules, which prioritize maximizing onsets (consonant clusters at the beginning of a syllable) and avoiding stranded consonants, the division will be as follows.

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• ut-: Prefix, Old Norse origin, meaning "out" or "from." (Adverbial prefix)
• gang: Root, Old Norse origin, meaning "way," "course," or "proceeding." (Noun root)
• s-: Linking consonant, grammatical function.
• hast: Root, Old Norse origin, meaning "speed" or "haste." (Noun root)
• -ighet: Suffix, Old Norse origin, forming abstract nouns, equivalent to "-ness" or "-ity" in English. (Noun-forming suffix)

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ("hast-"). This is typical for Nynorsk compound nouns.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ʉtˈɡɑŋʂhastɪˌɡeːt/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

• ut /ʉt/: Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. No exceptions.
• gang /ɡɑŋ/: Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster 'ng' is treated as a single unit, and syllable division occurs before the following vowel. Exception: 'ng' can sometimes be split, but not here due to the compound structure.
• s /s/: Syllable onset. Rule: Single consonant following a vowel typically begins a new syllable.
• has /hast/: Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before the vowel 'a'.
• ti /tɪ/: Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before the vowel 'i'.
• ghet /ɡeːt/: Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before the vowel 'e'.

7. Edge Case Review:

The 'sh' cluster (/ʂ/) is treated as a single phoneme in Nynorsk, and thus remains within the "has" syllable. The linking 's' is a common feature in Nynorsk compound nouns and doesn't create a syllable on its own.

8. Grammatical Role:

"utgangshastighet" is primarily a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical function (as it's a fixed compound).

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: utgangshastighet
• Part of Speech: Noun (feminine)
• Definitions:
  • "Initial velocity"
  • "Starting speed"
• Translation: Initial velocity / Starting speed
• Synonyms: startfart (starting speed), initialfart (initial speed)
• Antonyms: sluttfart (final speed), gjennomsnittsfart (average speed)
• Examples:
  • "Utgangshastigheten til ballen var høy." (The initial velocity of the ball was high.)
  • "Vi målte utgangshastigheten til raketten." (We measured the initial velocity of the rocket.)

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Some dialects might slightly reduce the vowel in "ghet" to /ə/, but this doesn't significantly alter the syllable division.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• utgangspunkt (starting point): ut-gangs-punkt. Similar syllable structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.
• hastverk (haste): hast-verk. Similar 'has' syllable, stress on the first syllable.
• gangvei (walkway): gang-vei. Similar 'gang' syllable, stress on the first syllable.

The consistency in syllable division across these words demonstrates the application of the same rules – maximizing onsets and avoiding stranded consonants. The stress pattern is also consistent with Nynorsk compound nouns.