Hyphenation ofniewielesetkilometrowych
Syllable Division:
nie-wie-le-se-tet-ki-lo-me-tro-wy-ch
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ɲɛˈvʲɛlɛsɛt kʲilɔˈmɛtrɔvɨx/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00000000100
Stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('tro').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Closed syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, stressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Closed syllable, unstressed.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: nie-
Proto-Slavic origin, negative function
Root: wiel-
Proto-Slavic origin, meaning 'large'
Suffix: -esetkilometrowych
Combination of interfix '-e-', root 'set-', root 'kilometr-', adjectival suffix '-owy', and genitive plural ending '-ch'
Not many kilometers
Translation: of a few kilometers
Examples:
"Przejechaliśmy niewielesetkilometrowych dróg."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the 'wiel-' root and suffixation pattern.
Shares the 'kilometr-' root and '-owy' suffix.
Contains the 'nie-' prefix and similar vowel patterns.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Onset Maximization
Consonant clusters are treated as onsets whenever possible.
Vowel-Centric Syllables
Each syllable typically contains a vowel.
Penultimate Stress
Stress falls on the second-to-last syllable in most Polish words.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The word is a complex compound, requiring careful consideration of morphemic boundaries.
Consonant clusters are common in Polish and influence syllabification.
Summary:
The word 'niewielesetkilometrowych' is a Polish adjective divided into 11 syllables, with stress on the penultimate syllable. It's formed through compounding and affixation, exhibiting typical Polish phonological features like consonant clusters and vowel reduction. Syllabification prioritizes onset maximization and adheres to the standard penultimate stress rule.
Detailed Analysis:
Polish Word Analysis: niewielesetkilometrowych
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "niewielesetkilometrowych" is a highly inflected Polish adjective in the genitive plural form. It's a complex word formed through compounding and affixation. Pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters, typical of Polish, and vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Polish syllabification rules, which prioritize maximizing onsets and avoiding stranded consonants, the division is as follows (detailed in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: nie- (negative prefix, origin: Proto-Slavic, function: negation)
- Root: wiel- (root meaning 'large', origin: Proto-Slavic, function: base meaning)
- Interfix: -e- (connecting vowel, origin: Polish, function: facilitates compounding)
- Root: set- (root meaning 'hundred', origin: Proto-Slavic, function: part of the compound)
- Root: kilometr- (borrowed from French 'kilomètre', origin: Greek/French, function: measurement unit)
- Suffix: -owy (adjectival suffix, origin: Polish, function: forms an adjective)
- Suffix: -ch (genitive plural ending, origin: Polish, function: indicates grammatical case and number)
4. Stress Identification:
Polish stress is generally fixed on the penultimate (second-to-last) syllable. In this case, the stress falls on the syllable "-tro-".
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ɲɛˈvʲɛlɛsɛt kʲilɔˈmɛtrɔvɨx/
6. Edge Case Review:
Polish allows for some flexibility in syllabification, particularly with consonant clusters. However, the division presented here adheres to the principle of maximizing onsets. The cluster "str" is treated as a single onset.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective. If it were used as a noun (though less common), the stress pattern would remain the same.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: "Not many kilometers" or "a small number of kilometers".
- Grammatical Category: Adjective (genitive plural)
- Translation: "of a few kilometers"
- Synonyms: niewielu kilometrów (more common phrasing)
- Antonyms: wielu kilometrów (many kilometers)
- Examples:
- "Przejechaliśmy niewielesetkilometrowych dróg." (We drove a small number of kilometers of roads.)
- "Niewielesetkilometrowych wycieczek było bardzo przyjemnych." (The few-kilometer trips were very pleasant.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- "wielokrotny" (many times): wie-lo-krot-ny - Similar structure with wiel- root and suffixation. Stress on the penultimate syllable.
- "kilometrowy" (kilometer-long): ki-lo-me-tro-wy - Shares the kilometr- root and -owy suffix. Stress on the penultimate syllable.
- "niedaleki" (not far): nie-da-le-ki - Contains the nie- prefix and similar vowel patterns. Stress on the penultimate syllable.
These comparisons demonstrate the consistent application of Polish syllabification and stress rules. The presence of consonant clusters and vowel reduction is also consistent across these words.
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Regional variations in Polish pronunciation are minimal regarding syllable division. However, vowel quality can vary slightly. Some speakers might pronounce the 'e' in "-set-" as a more open vowel.
11. Division Rules Applied:
- Onset Maximization: Consonant clusters are generally treated as onsets (e.g., "str" in "setkilometrowych").
- Vowel-Centric Syllables: Each syllable typically contains a vowel.
- Penultimate Stress: Stress falls on the second-to-last syllable.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.