Hyphenation ofиндивидуалистических
Syllable Division:
ин-ди-ви-ду-а-ли-сти-че-ских
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ɪndʲɪvʲɪdʊɐˈlʲɪstʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪx/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
000001100
Primary stress falls on the seventh syllable ('сти').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, unstressed vowel.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant, stressed.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: ин-
Native Russian prefix, part of the borrowed root in this case.
Root: дивидуалист-
Borrowed from French 'individualiste', ultimately from Latin 'individuus'.
Suffix: -ических
Adjectival suffix indicating genitive plural, masculine/neuter. Derived from Old Slavic.
Relating to or characteristic of individualism.
Translation: individualistic
Examples:
"В его взглядах прослеживались индивидуалистических тенденции."
"Они обсуждали индивидуалистических ценности."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the same root and similar syllable structure, differing in the suffix.
Shares the same root and similar syllable structure, differing in the suffix.
Demonstrates basic Russian syllable division principles.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Onset Maximization
Russian prefers to include as many consonants as possible in the onset of a syllable.
Vowel-Centric Syllables
Each syllable generally contains a vowel.
Consonant Cluster Resolution
Consonant clusters are broken up according to phonotactic constraints.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is common and can affect the phonetic realization but not the syllabification.
The 'в' before 'и' in 'дивидуалист' is generally considered part of the following syllable, though some debate exists.
Summary:
The word 'индивидуалистических' is a complex adjective derived from a Latin root. It is syllabified into nine syllables with stress on the seventh syllable ('сти'). Syllabification follows Russian rules of onset maximization and vowel-centric syllable structure. Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a common phonetic variation.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "индивидуалистических" (individualistic)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "индивидуалистических" is a complex adjective meaning "individualistic" (genitive plural). It's derived from the noun "индивидуалист" (individualist). Pronunciation involves a series of consonants and vowels, with potential for vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian phonology.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (see "syllable_division" in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: ин- (in-) - Native Russian prefix, often used to negate or indicate a lack of something, but in this case, it's part of the borrowed root.
- Root: дивидуалист- (individualist-) - Borrowed from French "individualiste", ultimately from Latin "individuus" (single, undivided).
- Suffix: -ических (–icheskikh) - A complex adjectival suffix indicating genitive plural, masculine/neuter. Derived from Old Slavic.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the third syllable: ин-ди-ви-ду-а-ли-сти́-че-ских.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ɪndʲɪvʲɪdʊɐˈlʲɪstʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪx/
6. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets. Consonant clusters are often broken up, but the goal is to create syllables with a clear beginning and end. The "в" before "и" in "дивидуалист" can sometimes be a point of debate, but it's generally considered part of the following syllable.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective. If it were used as a noun (though rare), the stress would likely remain on the same syllable, and the syllabification would not change.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: индивидуалистических
- Grammatical Category: Adjective (genitive plural)
- Translation: individualistic
- Synonyms: самобытных (samobytnykh - original, unique), независимых (nezavisimykh - independent)
- Antonyms: коллективистских (kollektivistskikh - collectivist)
- Examples:
- "В его взглядах прослеживались индивидуалистических тенденции." (V ego vzglyadah proslezhivalis' individualisticheskikh tendentsii.) - "Individualistic tendencies were traced in his views."
- "Они обсуждали индивидуалистических ценности." (Oni obsuzhdali individualisticheskikh tsennosti.) - "They discussed individualistic values."
9. Phonological Comparison:
- индивидуальность (individual'nost') - "individuality" - ин-ди-ви-ду-а́ль-ность. Stress on the fifth syllable. Similar syllable structure, but a different suffix.
- индивидуальный (individual'nyy) - "individual" - ин-ди-ви-ду-а́ль-ный. Stress on the fifth syllable. Similar syllable structure, but a different suffix.
- политика (politika) - "politics" - по-ли́-ти-ка. Stress on the second syllable. A simpler syllable structure, but demonstrates the basic Russian syllable division principle.
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Vowel reduction is common in unstressed syllables. The "о" in "индивидуалистических" may be reduced to a schwa /ə/ in some pronunciations, particularly in faster speech. This doesn't affect the syllabification, but it does affect the phonetic realization.
11. Division Rules Applied:
- Onset Maximization: Russian prefers to maximize the number of consonants in the onset of a syllable.
- Vowel-Centric Syllables: Each syllable generally contains a vowel.
- Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are broken up according to phonotactic constraints.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.