Hyphenation ofконтрольно-испытательный

Linguistic Analysis of "контрольно-испытательный" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "контрольно-испытательный" (kontrol'no-ispytatel'nyy) is a complex adjective meaning "control-testing" or "verification-testing." It's formed through compounding and suffixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters): кон-троль-но-ис-пы-та-тель-ный

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• контроль- (kontrol'): Prefix, derived from the root "kontrol" (control), ultimately from French "contrôle" (via Polish). Function: Indicates the aspect of control.
• -но- (-no-): Interfix, linking the prefix to the root. It doesn't carry independent meaning but is crucial for forming the compound adjective.
• испыт- (ispyt-): Root, from the verb "испытать" (ispytat') - to test, to try out. Origin: Proto-Slavic *sъpъtati.
• -а- (-a-): Interfix, linking the root to the suffix.
• -тель- (-tel'): Suffix, forming an agent noun (one who performs the action). Origin: Slavic.
• -ный (-nyy): Suffix, forming a passive participle/adjectival suffix. Origin: Slavic.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: кон-троль-но-ис-пы-та́-тель-ный.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/kənˈtrolʲnə ɪspɨˈtatʲɪlʲnɨj/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets. Consonant clusters are usually broken up to create syllables with a consonant-vowel structure. The hyphenated structure reflects this.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Relating to or used for control testing; verification testing.
• Translation: Control-testing, verification-testing.
• Grammatical Category: Adjective
• Synonyms: проверочный (proverochnyy - verification), испытательный (ispytatel'nyy - testing)
• Antonyms: не проверенный (ne proverennyy - untested)
• Examples:
  • "контрольно-испытательный полигон" (kontrol'no-ispytatel'nyy poligon) - control-testing range
  • "контрольно-испытательный образец" (kontrol'no-ispytatel'nyy obrazets) - control-testing sample

9. Phonological Comparison:

• автомобильный (avtomobil'nyy): av-to-mo-bil'-nyy. Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters broken up.
• ответственный (otvetstvennyy): ot-vet-stven-nyy. Demonstrates the same pattern of breaking consonant clusters and stress on the penultimate syllable.
• информационный (informatsionnyy): in-for-ma-tsi-on-nyy. Shows a similar pattern of syllable division, with vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables are formed to maximize sonority, with a peak (nucleus) typically being a vowel.
• Rule 2: Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are broken up, generally placing consonants with higher sonority in the onset of the following syllable.
• Rule 3: Vowel-Based Division: Vowels generally form syllable nuclei, and syllables are divided around them.

11. Special Considerations:

The interfixes "-но-" and "-а-" are crucial for the word's formation but don't have independent syllabic weight. They are included in the syllable division to maintain the word's orthographic integrity.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization. However, these variations generally don't affect the core syllable division.

13. Short Analysis:

"контрольно-испытательный" is a complex Russian adjective formed through compounding and suffixation. It's syllabified as кон-троль-но-ис-пы-та-тель-ный, with stress on the penultimate syllable. The word's structure reflects standard Russian syllabification rules, prioritizing maximizing onsets and resolving consonant clusters.