Hyphenation ofконтрольно-пропускной

Linguistic Analysis of "контрольно-пропускной" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "контрольно-пропускной" is a complex adjective in Russian, meaning "control-pass" or "checkpoint-related." It's formed through compounding and suffixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian phonology.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (preferring syllables ending in vowels), and considering consonant clusters, the division is as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• контроль- (kontrol'-): Root, derived from international scientific vocabulary (likely from French contrôle or English control), meaning "control."
• -но- (-no-): Suffix, forming an adverbial/qualitative attribute.
• -пропуск- (propusk-): Root, meaning "pass," "permit," or "access." Derived from the verb пропускать (propuskat') - to let through.
• -ной (-noy): Suffix, adjectival suffix indicating "relating to," "having the quality of."

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: конт-ро́ль-но-про-пу́ск-ной.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/kənˈtroɫnə prəˈpusknoɪ̯/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• кон /kon/: Open syllable. Rule: Syllables generally end in vowels. No exceptions.
• троль /trolʲ/: Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are broken after the first consonant if a vowel follows. Exception: Palatalization of /l/ due to the following vowel.
• но /nɔ/: Open syllable. Rule: Syllables generally end in vowels. No exceptions.
• про /prə/: Open syllable. Rule: Syllables generally end in vowels. No exceptions.
• пуск /pusk/: Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are broken after the first consonant if a vowel follows. No exceptions.
• ной /noɪ̯/: Closed syllable. Rule: Syllables generally end in vowels. Diphthongization of /o/ to /oɪ̯/ in the final unstressed position.

7. Edge Case Review:

The hyphenated structure introduces a slight complexity. While each part is syllabified according to standard rules, the compound nature requires treating each component separately before considering the overall word.

8. Grammatical Role:

As an adjective, the syllabification and stress remain consistent. If used attributively (e.g., контрольно-пропускной пункт - checkpoint), the stress pattern doesn't shift.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• контрольно-пропускной (kontrol'no-propusknoi)
  • Part of Speech: Adjective
  • Definitions:
    • Relating to control and passage; checkpoint-related.
    • Serving as a control and passage point.
  • Translation: Control-pass, checkpoint, access control.
  • Synonyms: досмотровой (dosmotrovoi - inspection), пропускной (propusknoi - pass-related)
  • Antonyms: None directly applicable.
  • Examples:
    • Контрольно-пропускной пункт (kontrol'no-propusknoi punkt) - Checkpoint.
    • Контрольно-пропускной режим (kontrol'no-propusknoi rezhim) - Access control regime.

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Vowel reduction can vary slightly regionally. Some speakers might pronounce unstressed /o/ as /ə/ instead of /a/. This doesn't significantly alter the syllable division.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• автомобильный (avtomobil'nyi): av-to-mo-bil'-nyi. Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters.
• информационный (informatsionnyi): in-for-mat-si-on-nyi. Similar suffixation and vowel reduction patterns.
• образовательный (obrazovatel'nyi): o-bra-zo-va-tel'-nyi. Similar complex adjective formation and stress placement.

The differences lie in the specific consonant clusters and vowel qualities, but the underlying syllabification principles remain consistent.