Hyphenation ofмалоупотребительного

Linguistic Analysis of "малоупотребительного" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "малоупотребительного" is a Russian adjective meaning "little-used" or "rarely used." It's a relatively long word with a complex morphological structure. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian phonology.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

ма-ло-у-по-тре-би-тель-но-го

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: ма- (meaning "little," "few") - Slavic origin, quantitative prefix.
• Root: -употреб- (from употреблять - "to use") - Slavic origin, verb root.
• Suffixes: -и- (linking vowel), -тель- (agentive suffix, forming a noun from a verb, meaning "one who uses"), -н- (participial suffix), -ого (adjectival ending, genitive singular masculine/neuter). Slavic origin.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: тре-би-тель-но-го.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/mɐɫɐʊpɐˈtrʲebʲɪtʲɪlʲnəɡə/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• ма /ma/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.
• ло /ɫɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken before vowels. No exceptions.
• у /ʊ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Single vowel constitutes a syllable. No exceptions.
• по /pɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.
• тре /trʲe/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters can begin a syllable. The 'т' and 'р' form an onset. No exceptions.
• би /bʲɪ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.
• тель /tʲɪlʲ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.
• но /nə/ - Open syllable. Vowel reduction occurs in unstressed syllables. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.
• го /ɡə/ - Open syllable. Vowel reduction occurs in unstressed syllables. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.

7. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally avoids leaving a consonant without a vowel. The 'у' after 'ма' and 'по' are examples of this. Vowel reduction is a significant factor, impacting the phonetic realization of unstressed vowels.

8. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical function (e.g., if used attributively or predicatively).

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: малоупотребительного
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Definitions:
  • "Little-used"
  • "Rarely used"
  • "Infrequent"
• Translation: "little-used"
• Synonyms: редкого (redkogo - rare), нераспространенного (nerasprostranennogo - not widespread)
• Antonyms: распространенного (rasprostranennogo - widespread), часто используемого (chasto ispol'zuemogo - frequently used)
• Examples:
  • "Это малоупотребительное слово." (Eto malo upotrebitel'noe slovo.) - "This is a little-used word."
  • "Малоупотребительные выражения." (Malo upotrebitel'nye vyrazheniya.) - "Rarely used expressions."

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization. However, these variations generally don't affect the core syllabification.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• интересного (interesnogo - interesting): ин-те-рес-но-го. Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters.
• необыкновенного (neobyknovennogo - extraordinary): не-об-ы-кно-вен-но-го. Longer word, but follows similar syllabification principles.
• важного (vazhnogo - important): ва-ж-но-го. Shorter, but demonstrates the same rules of vowel-centered syllables.

The differences in syllable count are due to the varying lengths of the words and the presence of different consonant clusters. However, the underlying principles of Russian syllabification remain consistent across these examples.