Hyphenation ofмелкокристаллическая

Linguistic Analysis of "мелкокристаллическая" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "мелкокристаллическая" (melkokristallicheskaya) is a complex adjective meaning "fine-crystalline" or "microcrystalline." It's formed through a series of prefixations and suffixations. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

ме-лко-кри-стал-ли-че-ская

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: мел- (mel-) - From Proto-Slavic melkъ meaning "small, young, fine." Denotes small size.
• Root: кристалл- (kristall-) - Borrowed from German Kristall, ultimately from Latin crystallus, from Greek κρύσταλλος (krustallos) meaning "ice, crystal." The core meaning relates to crystals.
• Suffix: -ич- (-ich-) - A suffix used to form adjectives from nouns, often indicating a quality related to the noun.
• Suffix: -еск- (-esk-) - A suffix borrowed from German/French, used to form adjectives denoting a characteristic or quality.
• Suffix: -ая (-aya) - A feminine singular adjectival ending.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: кри-стал-ли́-че-ская.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/mʲel̪kɐ kʲɪs̪tɐˈlʲit͡ɕɪskəjə/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets. Consonant clusters are usually broken up to create syllables with a single consonant onset. Vowel reduction is significant in unstressed syllables, impacting the phonetic realization but not the orthographic syllable division.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Relating to or having the structure of fine crystals; microcrystalline.
• Grammatical Category: Adjective (прилагательное)
• Translation: Fine-crystalline, microcrystalline
• Synonyms: мелкозернистый (melkozernisty - fine-grained), микрокристаллический (mikrokristallicheskiy - microcrystalline)
• Antonyms: крупнокристаллический (krupnokristallicheskiy - coarse-crystalline)
• Examples:
  • "Мелкокристаллическая структура породы" - "The fine-crystalline structure of the rock."
  • "Мелкокристаллическая соль" - "Fine-crystalline salt."

9. Phonological Comparison:

• кристаллизация (kristallizatsiya): кри-стал-ли-за-ци-я. Similar syllable structure, stress on the second 'li' syllable.
• мелководный (melkovodny): ме-лко-во-дный. Similar prefix 'melko', syllable division follows the same onset maximization principle.
• критический (kriticheskiy): кри-ти-че-ский. Shares the 'kri' syllable, demonstrating consistent syllabification of this root.

Detailed Syllable Analysis:

Division Rules Applied:

1. Onset Maximization: Russian prefers to maximize the number of syllables with consonant onsets.
2. Consonant Cluster Resolution: When consonant clusters occur, they are typically broken up after the first consonant.
3. Vowel-Consonant Pairing: Syllables are generally formed around a vowel-consonant pairing.

Special Considerations:

• Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor in pronunciation but doesn't affect the orthographic syllable division.
• Palatalization of consonants before certain vowels (e.g., 'е', 'и') influences pronunciation but not syllable division.

Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation and syllabification are as described above, slight regional variations in vowel reduction might occur. However, these variations do not fundamentally alter the syllable division.