Hyphenation ofмелкокристаллических

Linguistic Analysis of "мелкокристаллических" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "мелкокристаллических" is an adjective meaning "fine-crystalline" or "microcrystalline". It's a relatively complex word formed through multiple affixations. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian phonology.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

ме-лко-кри-стал-ли-че-ских

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: мел- (mel-) - From Proto-Slavic melkъ meaning "small, little". Function: Denotes small size.
• Root: кристалл- (kristall-) - Borrowed from German "Kristall", ultimately from Greek krustallos meaning "ice". Function: Core meaning related to crystals.
• Suffixes:
  • -ич- (-ich-) - A suffix forming adjectives from nouns. Function: Adjectival formation.
  • -еск- (-esk-) - A suffix indicating a quality or characteristic. Function: Adjectival formation.
  • -их (-ikh) - A genitive plural ending for adjectives. Function: Grammatical case marking.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: кри-стал-ли-че-ских.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ˈmʲeɫkəkrʲɪsˈtalːɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪx/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

• ме- /mʲe/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No consonant clusters prevent division.
• лко- /ɫkə/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant 'л' follows the vowel 'е', creating a closed syllable.
• кри- /krʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel 'и' forms the nucleus.
• стал- /sˈtal/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster 'ст' precedes the vowel 'а', creating a closed syllable. Stress falls on this syllable.
• ли- /lʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel 'и' forms the nucleus.
• че- /t͡ɕe/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel 'е' forms the nucleus.
• ских /skʲɪx/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster 'ск' precedes the vowel 'и', creating a closed syllable.

7. Edge Case Review:

Russian allows for some flexibility in syllabification, particularly with consonant clusters. However, the above division adheres to the most common and accepted rules. The geminate 'л' in 'стал' is a result of historical sound changes and is represented as a long consonant in the phonetic transcription.

8. Grammatical Role:

The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: мелкокристаллических (melkokristallicheskikh)
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Definitions:
  • Definition: Fine-crystalline, microcrystalline, having a structure composed of very small crystals.
  • Translation: Fine-crystalline
  • Synonyms: мелкозернистых (melkozernistikh - fine-grained), микрокристаллических (mikrokristallicheskikh - microcrystalline)
  • Antonyms: крупнокристаллических (krupnokristallicheskikh - coarse-crystalline)
  • Examples: "мелкокристаллических структура горных пород" (melkokristallicheskikh struktura gornykh porod - the fine-crystalline structure of rocks).

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization. However, these variations generally do not affect the core syllabification.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• кристаллизованный (kristallizovannyy - crystallized): кри-стал-ли-зо-ван-ный. Similar syllable structure, demonstrating the consistent syllabification of the "kristall-" root.
• кристальный (kristal'nyy - crystalline): кри-стал-ный. Again, the "kristall-" root maintains its syllabic structure.
• мелкий (melkiy - small): мел-кий. Demonstrates the syllabification of the prefix "mel-", similar to "мелко-".