Hyphenation ofобщераспространённом
Syllable Division:
об-ще-рас-про-стра-нён-ном
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ɐbɕːɪrɐsˌprɐstrɐˈnʲɵnːəm/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0000100
Primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: рас-про-стра-**нён**-ном.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant
Open syllable
Open syllable
Open syllable
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant, geminate consonant
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant, geminate consonant
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: об-
Proto-Slavic origin, indicates 'around,' 'about,' or 'completely.'
Root: рас-
Proto-Slavic origin, related to 'spreading,' 'distributing,' or 'general.'
Suffix: простран-ённ-ом
Slavic origin, passive participle suffix and instrumental case ending.
Commonly used, widespread, common
Translation: Commonly used, widespread, common
Examples:
"общераспространённом языке"
"общераспространённом мнении"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar root and suffix structure.
Similar root and prefix.
Similar root and prefix.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Maximizing Onsets
Russian prefers to include as many consonants as possible in the onset of a syllable.
Vowel-Centric Syllables
Each syllable generally contains one vowel sound.
Palatalization
Palatalized consonants influence syllable structure and pronunciation.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Geminate 'н' (nn) in the suffix '-ённом' requires careful consideration.
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables significantly alters the phonetic realization of vowels.
Summary:
The word 'общераспространённом' is a complex Russian adjective syllabified as об-ще-рас-про-стра-нён-ном, with stress on the fifth syllable. It's morphologically rich, built from prefixes, a root, and suffixes. Syllabification follows the principle of maximizing onsets and vowel-centric syllables, with considerations for palatalization and geminate consonants.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "общераспространённом" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "общераспространённом" is a Russian adjective meaning "commonly used" or "widespread." It's a relatively complex word morphologically, built from several prefixes and suffixes attached to a root. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian phonology.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters): об-ще-рас-про-стра-нён-ном
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: об- (ob-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Prefix indicating "around," "about," or "completely." In this context, it contributes to the meaning of "generally."
- Root: -рас- (ras-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Root related to "spreading," "distributing," or "general."
- Suffix: -простран- (prostran-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Root related to "space," "extent," or "spread."
- Suffix: -ённ- (-yonn-) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Passive participle suffix, indicating a state resulting from an action.
- Suffix: -ом (-om) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Instrumental case ending for masculine/neuter adjectives.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: рас-про-стра-нён-ном.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ɐbɕːɪrɐsˌprɐstrɐˈnʲɵnːəm/
6. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets (consonant clusters at the beginning of a syllable). However, vowel reduction in unstressed syllables can make phonetic realization different from the orthographic representation. The double 'н' (nn) in 'нённом' is a potential edge case, but it's treated as a single consonant cluster within the syllable.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective in the instrumental case, masculine/neuter singular. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of case or gender.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Commonly used, widespread, common.
- Translation: Commonly used, widespread, common.
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Synonyms: распространённый (rasprostranyonnyy - common), обычный (obychnyy - usual)
- Antonyms: редкий (redkiy - rare), необычный (neobychnyy - unusual)
- Examples:
- "общераспространённом языке" (obshcherasprostranyonnom yazyke) - in the commonly used language.
- "общераспространённом мнении" (obshcherasprostranyonnom mnenii) - in the common opinion.
9. Phonological Comparison:
- распространённый (rasprostranyonnyy): рас-про-стра-нён-ный (ras-pro-stra-nyon-nyy) - Similar syllable structure, stress on 'нён'.
- распространение (rasprostraneniye): рас-про-стра-не-ни-е (ras-pro-stra-ne-ni-ye) - Similar root and prefix, stress on 'стра'.
- распространен (rasprostranen): рас-про-стра-нен (ras-pro-stra-nen) - Similar root and prefix, stress on 'стра'.
The differences in syllable division are primarily due to the different suffixes and endings, which affect the final syllable structure. The core syllable structure of "рас-про-стра-" remains consistent.
10. Syllable Analysis:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Description | Rule Applied | Exceptions/Special Cases |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| об | /ɐb/ | Open syllable, initial syllable | Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant and ends with a vowel. | None |
| ще | /ɕːɪ/ | Closed syllable, palatalized consonant | Rule: Consonant cluster followed by a vowel. | 'Щ' is a single phoneme, but represented by two letters. |
| рас | /rɐs/ | Open syllable | Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant and ends with a vowel. | None |
| про | /prɐ/ | Open syllable | Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant and ends with a vowel. | None |
| стра | /strɐ/ | Open syllable | Rule: Consonant cluster followed by a vowel. | None |
| нён | /nʲɵnː/ | Closed syllable, palatalized consonant, geminate consonant | Rule: Consonant cluster followed by a vowel. | Geminate 'н' requires careful consideration. |
| ном | /nːəm/ | Closed syllable, palatalized consonant, geminate consonant | Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant and ends with a vowel. | Geminate 'н' requires careful consideration. |
11. Division Rules:
- Maximizing Onsets: Russian prefers to include as many consonants as possible in the onset of a syllable.
- Vowel-Centric Syllables: Each syllable generally contains one vowel sound.
- Palatalization: Palatalized consonants influence syllable structure and pronunciation.
12. Special Considerations:
The geminate 'н' (nn) in the suffix '-ённом' is a potential area of ambiguity. While treated as a single consonant cluster for syllabification, its pronunciation involves a lengthened consonant sound. Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables significantly alters the phonetic realization of vowels.
13. Short Analysis:
"общераспространённом" is a complex Russian adjective syllabified as об-ще-рас-про-стра-нён-ном, with stress on the fifth syllable. It's morphologically rich, built from prefixes, a root, and suffixes. Syllabification follows the principle of maximizing onsets and vowel-centric syllables, with considerations for palatalization and geminate consonants.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.