Hyphenation ofпротивоборствовавшею

Linguistic Analysis of "противоборствовавшею" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "противоборствовавшею" is a complex verbal adjective (participle) in Russian, derived from the verb "противоборствовать" (to struggle against, to oppose). Its pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word is divided as follows (using only original letters):

про-ти-во-бор-ство-вав-ше-ю

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: про- (Old Slavic, prefix indicating direction 'against', 'forward', 'through')
• Root: -бор- (Indo-European root *bʰer- meaning 'to carry, to swell, to fight'; related to English 'bear', 'burden')
• Suffixes:
  • -ство- (Slavic suffix forming abstract nouns, denoting state or activity - 'struggle', 'opposition')
  • -вав- (Slavic suffix indicating a past active participle, iterative action)
  • -ше- (Slavic suffix indicating past tense)
  • -ю (feminine singular ending of the past active participle, agreeing with a feminine noun)

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: про-ти-во-бор-ство-вав-ше-ю.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/prətʲɪvəbɐrˈstvəvəv͡ʃəjʊ/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification prioritizes vowel sounds. Consonant clusters are broken up based on sonority, with more sonorous sounds tending to form the nucleus of a syllable. The 'в' in 'вав' can sometimes be considered part of the preceding syllable, but here it forms its own syllable due to the following vowel.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is a short-form past active participle, functioning as an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Having struggled against, having opposed.
• Translation: Having opposed, having struggled against.
• Part of Speech: Adjective (participle)
• Synonyms: противостоявшею (having faced), боровшеюся (having fought)
• Antonyms: соглашавшею (having agreed), поддерживавшею (having supported)
• Examples:
  • "Противоборствовавшею армией было трудно справиться." (It was difficult to deal with the army that had opposed.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• противостояние (protivostoyaniye - opposition): про-ти-во-сто-я-ни-е. Similar syllable structure, stress on the fourth syllable.
• соревнование (sorevnovaniye - competition): со-рев-но-ва-ни-е. Similar vowel-consonant alternation, stress on the third syllable.
• утверждение (utverzhdeniye - assertion): у-т-вер-жде-ни-е. Similar ending '-е', stress on the fourth syllable.

The differences in stress placement are due to the varying morphological structures and the weight of different suffixes.