Hyphenation ofпсихолингвистический
Syllable Division:
пси-хо-лин-гви-сти-че-ский
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/psʲɪxɐlʲɪnɡvʲɪˈstʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪj/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0000101
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('сти' - /stʲɪ/). The stress pattern is typical for Russian adjectives with the -ический suffix.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial consonant cluster, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, velar fricative.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, affricate.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: психо-
From Greek ψυχή (psyche) meaning 'mind, soul'. Prefix.
Root: лингв-
From Latin *lingua* meaning 'tongue, language'. Root.
Suffix: -истический
Derived from Greek -ιστικός (-istikos) via French. Adjectival suffix denoting belonging to a field of study.
Relating to the study of the psychological and neurological processes involved in language.
Translation: Psycholinguistic
Examples:
"психолингвистические исследования (psikholingvisticheskiye issledovaniya) - psycholinguistic research"
"психолингвистический подход (psikholingvisticheskiy podkhod) - a psycholinguistic approach"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar syllable structure and vowel reduction patterns.
Shares the -ический suffix and similar stress patterns.
Demonstrates handling of consonant clusters and the -ический suffix.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Sonority Hierarchy
Syllables are formed to maximize sonority, with vowels as syllable nuclei and consonants arranged according to their sonority.
Avoidance of Initial Consonant Clusters
Russian generally avoids starting a syllable with a consonant cluster, breaking them up where possible. However, some clusters are permissible, especially with sonorant consonants.
Vowel-Consonant Division
When a vowel is followed by a consonant, the syllable is typically divided between the vowel and the consonant.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The palatalization of consonants influences syllable division, as palatalized consonants tend to form their own syllables.
The word's length and complex consonant clusters require careful application of the sonority hierarchy.
Regional variations in pronunciation might lead to slight differences in syllable division, but the core principles remain consistent.
Summary:
The word 'психолингвистический' is syllabified as пси-хо-лин-гви-сти-че-ский, with stress on the penultimate syllable. It's morphologically composed of a Greek prefix (психо-), a Latin root (лингв-), and a Greek-derived suffix (-истический). Syllable division follows Russian rules prioritizing sonority and avoiding initial consonant clusters, with palatalization playing a role.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "психолингвистический" (psikholingvisticheskiy)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "психолингвистический" (psikholingvisticheskiy) is a complex adjective meaning "psycholinguistic." It's a relatively modern borrowing and adaptation into Russian, exhibiting characteristics of both native Russian phonology and the influence of Greek and Latin roots. Pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of unstressed syllables in Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the sonority hierarchy and avoidance of syllable-initial consonant clusters (with exceptions), the word breaks down as follows (see "syllable_division" in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: психо- (psycho-) - From Greek ψυχή (psyche) meaning "mind, soul."
- Root: лингв- (lingv-) - From Latin lingua meaning "tongue, language."
- Suffix: -истический (-isticheskiy) - A suffix denoting belonging to a field of study or a characteristic. Derived from Greek -ιστικός (-istikos) via French.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: психолингвисти́ческий.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/psʲɪxɐlʲɪnɡvʲɪˈstʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪj/
6. Edge Case Review:
The presence of multiple consonants and palatalization adds complexity. Russian allows for some consonant clusters at the beginning of a syllable, but generally prefers to break them up if possible. The 'в' after 'л' is a potential point of division, but it's typically kept with the following vowel.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical function (e.g., modifying a noun).
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Relating to the study of the psychological and neurological processes involved in language.
- Translation: Psycholinguistic
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Synonyms: (Rarely used, as it's a specific term) - relating to the psychology of language.
- Antonyms: (Not applicable - it's a specific field)
- Examples:
- "психолингвистические исследования" (psikholingvisticheskiye issledovaniya) - psycholinguistic research.
- "психолингвистический подход" (psikholingvisticheskiy podkhod) - a psycholinguistic approach.
9. Phonological Comparison:
- библиотека (biblioteka): би-бли-о-те́-ка /bʲɪblʲɪˈatʲɪkə/ - Similar syllable structure with vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
- географический (geograficheskiy): ге-о-гра́-фи-че́-ский /ɡʲɪɐɡrɐˈfʲit͡ɕɪskʲɪj/ - Shares the -ический (-icheskiy) suffix and similar stress patterns.
- политехнический (politekhnicheskiy): по-ли-тех-ни́-че-ский /pəɫʲɪtʲɪxˈnʲit͡ɕɪskʲɪj/ - Demonstrates the handling of consonant clusters and the -ический suffix.
The differences in syllable division arise from the specific consonant and vowel sequences in each word, but the underlying principles of sonority and avoiding syllable-initial clusters remain consistent.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the use of hyphens to join words or parts of words. It plays a crucial role in writing, ensuring clarity and readability.
In compound terms like 'check-in', the hyphen clarifies relationships between words. It also assists in breaking words at line ends, preserving flow and understanding, such as in 'tele-communication'. Hyphenation rules vary; some words lose their hyphens with common usage (e.g., 'email' from 'e-mail'). It's an evolving aspect of language, with guidelines differing across style manuals. Understanding hyphenation improves writing quality, making it an indispensable tool in effective communication.