Hyphenation ofспектрофотометрическая

Linguistic Analysis of "спектрофотометрическая" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "спектрофотометрическая" (spektrofotómetricheskaya) is a complex adjective meaning "spectrophotometric." It's a relatively long word, typical of scientific terminology in Russian, built from several morphemes. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a key feature of Russian phonology.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (preferring syllables ending in vowels), and considering consonant clusters, the division is as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• спектро- (spektro-): Prefix, from Greek spectrum meaning "appearance, image." Functions to denote relating to the spectrum.
• фото- (foto-): Prefix, from Greek phos meaning "light." Functions to denote relating to light.
• метр- (metr-): Root, from Greek metron meaning "measure." Functions as the core meaning of measurement.
• ическ- (-ichesk-): Suffix, derived from the suffix -ич- (-ich) and -еск- (-esk). Indicates quality or belonging to. Origin: Slavic.
• ая (-aya): Suffix, feminine singular adjectival ending. Origin: Slavic.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the third syllable: спек-тро-фо-то́-ме-три́-че-ская.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/spʲɪkˈtrofɐtɐˈmʲetrʲɪt͡ɕɪskəjə/

6. Edge Case Review:

The consonant cluster "тр" (tr) is common in Russian and doesn't pose a significant syllabification challenge. The palatalization of consonants before "е" and "и" is crucial for accurate pronunciation.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical function (e.g., modifying a noun).

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Relating to or using spectrophotometry.
• Translation: Spectrophotometric
• Grammatical Category: Adjective
• Synonyms: спектральный (spektral'nyy - spectral), фотометрический (fotometricheskiy - photometric)
• Antonyms: None directly applicable.
• Examples:
  • "спектрофотометрический анализ" (spektrofotómetricheskiy ánaliz) - spectrophotometric analysis.
  • "спектрофотометрические измерения" (spektrofotómetricheskiye izmereniya) - spectrophotometric measurements.

9. Phonological Comparison:

• электрическая (elektricheskaya) - /ɪlʲɪktˈrʲit͡ɕɪskəjə/ - Syllable division: э-лек-три́-че-ская. Similar structure with prefixes and suffixes.
• математическая (matematicheskaya) - /mətəmɐˈtʲit͡ɕɪskəjə/ - Syllable division: ма-те-ма-ти́-че-ская. Similar suffixation and stress pattern.
• химическая (khimicheskaya) - /xʲɪmʲɪˈt͡ɕɪskəjə/ - Syllable division: хи-ми́-че-ская. Shorter, but shares the -ическ- suffix and similar stress.

The differences in syllable count are due to the varying lengths of the prefixes and roots. However, the core syllabification principles (open syllable preference, consonant cluster handling) remain consistent.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Open Syllable Preference: Syllables tend to end in vowels.
• Rule 2: Consonant Cluster Handling: Consonant clusters are generally split to create syllables, prioritizing the preservation of onsets.
• Rule 3: Palatalization Influence: Palatalized consonants influence syllable boundaries.

11. Special Considerations:

Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor in pronunciation but doesn't directly affect syllabification. The word's length and complex morphology require careful application of the rules.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Minor variations in vowel quality in unstressed syllables might occur depending on regional accents, but the core syllabification remains consistent.