Hyphenation ofстеклокристаллический
Syllable Division:
сте-кло-кри-стал-ли-че-ский
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/stʲɪˈkɫokrʲɪsˌtalʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪj/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0010001
The primary stress falls on the fourth syllable ('стал').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable, contains a palatalized consonant.
Closed syllable, contains a consonant cluster 'kl'.
Open syllable, contains a palatalized consonant.
Closed syllable, stressed syllable.
Open syllable, contains a palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, contains a soft consonant.
Closed syllable, contains a palatalized consonant.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix:
Root: стекло-кристал-
стекло- (glass) from Proto-Slavic; кристал- (crystal) from Greek
Suffix: -лич-еский
Slavic adjectival suffixes
Relating to glass and crystals; having the properties of glass and crystals.
Translation: Glass-crystalline, vitreous crystalline
Examples:
"стеклокристаллический материал"
"стеклокристаллический блеск"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the '-еский' suffix and similar stress pattern.
Contains the '-кристаллический' component, demonstrating consistent syllabification.
Shares the '-ал' suffix and demonstrates the tendency to keep consonant clusters together.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Sonority Sequencing Principle
Syllables are formed around a sonority peak (vowel). Consonants are grouped around the vowel.
Avoid Breaking Consonant Clusters
Russian avoids breaking up consonant clusters unless they are exceptionally difficult to pronounce.
Vowel-Initial Syllables
Syllables often begin with vowels.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The word is a compound adjective, which could potentially lead to ambiguity, but the established rules guide the division.
The presence of multiple consonant clusters requires careful consideration to avoid incorrect syllabification.
Summary:
The word 'стеклокристаллический' is syllabified as сте-кло-кри-стал-ли-че-ский, with stress on the fourth syllable. It's a compound adjective formed from 'стекло' (glass) and 'кристал' (crystal) with adjectival suffixes. Syllabification follows the sonority sequencing principle and avoids breaking consonant clusters.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "стеклокристаллический" (steklokristallicheskiy)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "стеклокристаллический" (steklokristallicheskiy) is a complex adjective meaning "glass-crystalline" or "vitreous crystalline". It's formed through compounding and suffixation. Pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters, requiring careful syllabification.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize vowel sounds and avoid breaking consonant clusters where possible, the word divides as follows (see JSON output for the orthographic representation).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- стекло- (steklo-): Root. Origin: Proto-Slavic *stьklo. Meaning: "glass".
- -кристал- (-kristal-): Root. Origin: Greek *κρύσταλλος (krystallos). Meaning: "crystal".
- -лич- (-lich-): Suffix. Origin: Slavic. Function: Adjectival suffix, forming qualitative adjectives.
- -еский (-eskiy): Suffix. Origin: Slavic. Function: Adjectival suffix, indicating belonging or quality.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the third syllable: сте-кло-кри-ста́л-ли-че-ский.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/stʲɪˈkɫokrʲɪsˌtalʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪj/
6. Edge Case Review:
The word presents a challenge due to the multiple consonant clusters (stkl, krst, lch, sk). Russian generally avoids breaking up these clusters unless they are exceptionally difficult to pronounce.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Относящийся к стеклу и кристаллам; имеющий свойства стекла и кристаллов. (Relating to glass and crystals; having the properties of glass and crystals.)
- Translation: Glass-crystalline, vitreous crystalline.
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Synonyms: стеклянно-кристаллический (steklyanno-kristallicheskiy), кристаллизованный (krystallizovannyy)
- Antonyms: аморфный (amorfnyy) - amorphous
- Examples:
- "стеклокристаллический материал" (steklokristallicheskiy material) - glass-crystalline material
- "стеклокристаллический блеск" (steklokristallicheskiy blesk) - glass-crystalline luster
9. Phonological Comparison:
- электрический (elektricheskiy): /ɪlʲɪktˈrʲit͡ɕɪskʲɪj/ - Syllable division: э-лек-три-че-ский. Similar suffix (-еский), similar stress pattern.
- поликристаллический (polikristallicheskiy): /pəˌlʲikrʲɪsˌtalʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪj/ - Syllable division: по-ли-кри-стал-ли-че-ский. Shares the "-кристаллический" component, demonstrating consistent syllabification of that part.
- хрустальный (khrustal'nyy): /ˈxrʊstəlʲnɨj/ - Syllable division: хру-стал-ный. While shorter, it shares the "-ал" suffix and demonstrates the tendency to keep consonant clusters together.
10. Division Rules:
- Rule 1: Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables are formed around a sonority peak (vowel). Consonants are grouped around the vowel.
- Rule 2: Avoid Breaking Consonant Clusters: Russian avoids breaking up consonant clusters unless they are exceptionally difficult to pronounce.
- Rule 3: Vowel-Initial Syllables: Syllables often begin with vowels.
11. Special Considerations:
The word is a compound adjective, which can sometimes lead to ambiguity in syllabification. However, the established rules and the need to maintain the integrity of the roots and suffixes guide the division.
12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Minor variations in vowel reduction in unstressed syllables might occur depending on the dialect, but these do not significantly affect the syllabification.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.