Hyphenation ofстеклокристаллическому
Syllable Division:
сте-кло-кри-стал-ли-че-ско-му
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/stʲɪˈkɫokrʲɪsˌtɐlʲɪˈt͡ɕeskəmʊ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00001001
Primary stress falls on the fifth syllable ('ли' - li) in the word. This is the penultimate syllable stress pattern common in Russian adjectives.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable, stressed in some forms.
Closed syllable, contains a consonant cluster.
Open syllable, begins a new root.
Closed syllable, contains a consonant cluster.
Open syllable, vowel reduction expected.
Open syllable, palatalization of consonant.
Closed syllable, consonant cluster.
Closed syllable, final syllable, dative ending.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix:
No prefix present.
Root: стекло-кристаллическ-
Compound root, combining 'glass' and 'crystalline'.
Suffix: -ому
Dative singular ending for masculine/neuter adjectives.
Relating to or resembling glass crystals; glass-crystalline.
Translation: Glass-crystalline, glass-crystal
Examples:
"Этот материал имеет стеклокристаллическую структуру."
"Стеклокристаллическому образцу свойственна высокая прозрачность."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar syllable structure and vowel reduction patterns.
Long adjective with multiple suffixes, similar stress pattern.
Shares the 'crystal' root and similar inflectional patterns.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Sonority Hierarchy
Syllables are formed around a vowel nucleus, with consonants grouped according to their sonority. Consonants are assigned to the syllable that maximizes the onset.
Avoid Stranded Consonants
Consonants are not left isolated at the beginning or end of a syllable unless necessary due to the word's structure.
Russian Syllable Structure
Russian generally favors (C)V(C) syllable structure, but allows for more complex consonant clusters, especially in medial positions.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor in pronunciation, but does not affect the orthographic syllable division.
Consonant clusters can be challenging, requiring careful application of the sonority hierarchy.
The compound nature of the root ('стекло-кристаллическ-') requires recognizing the boundaries between the two components.
Summary:
The word 'стеклокристаллическому' is a complex Russian adjective meaning 'glass-crystalline'. It's divided into eight syllables based on the sonority hierarchy and Russian syllabification rules, with primary stress on the fifth syllable. The word is formed from a compound root ('стекло-кристаллическ-') and a dative singular suffix ('-ому').
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "стеклокристаллическому" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "стеклокристаллическому" is a long, complex adjective in Russian, meaning "glass-crystalline" or "glass-crystal" (dative singular, masculine/neuter). It's formed through compounding and extensive inflection. Pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the sonority hierarchy and avoid stranded consonants, the division is as follows (detailed in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- стекло- (steklo-) - Root. Origin: Proto-Slavic *stьklo. Meaning: "glass".
- -кристаллическ- (-kristallich-)- Root. Origin: From "кристалл" (kristall) - "crystal", ultimately from Greek *krustallos. Meaning: "crystalline".
- -ому (-omu) - Suffix. Origin: Russian inflectional suffix. Function: Dative singular ending for masculine/neuter adjectives.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: сте-кло-кри-стал-ли́-че-ско-му.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/stʲɪˈkɫokrʲɪsˌtɐlʲɪˈt͡ɕeskəmʊ/
6. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification can be tricky with consonant clusters. The rule of maximizing onsets is applied, but vowel reduction in unstressed syllables significantly impacts the phonetic realization.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective. If it were used as a noun (though rare), the stress pattern might shift slightly, but the syllable division would remain largely the same.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Relating to or resembling glass crystals; glass-crystalline.
- Grammatical Category: Adjective (прилагательное)
- Translation: Glass-crystalline, glass-crystal
- Synonyms: (Limited, as it's a very specific descriptor) кристаллический (kristallicheskiy - crystalline)
- Antonyms: (Difficult to define directly, as it's a material descriptor) мутный (mutnyy - cloudy, opaque)
- Examples:
- "Этот материал имеет стеклокристаллическую структуру." (Etot material imeyet steklokristallicheskuyu strukturu.) - "This material has a glass-crystalline structure."
9. Phonological Comparison:
- кварцевый (kvartsevyy) - "quartz" - квар-це-вый (kvar-tse-vyy). Similar syllable structure with vowel reduction.
- минералогический (mineralogicheskiy) - "mineralogical" - ми-не-ра-ло-ги́-че-ский (mi-ne-ra-lo-gi-che-skiy). Long adjective with multiple suffixes, similar stress pattern.
- хрустальный (khrustal'nyy) - "crystal" - хру-стал-ный (khru-stal-nyy). Shares the "crystal" root and similar inflectional patterns.
The differences in syllable division arise from the specific consonant clusters and vowel qualities within each word.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.