Hyphenation ofузкоспециализированных
Syllable Division:
уз-ко-спе-ци-а-ли-зи-ро-ван-ных
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˈuzkəspʲɪt͡sɪəlʲɪˈzʲirəvənːɨx/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0010000100
Primary stress falls on the 'спе' syllable (third syllable), typical for this root.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Stressed, open syllable, palatalization.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, palatalization.
Open syllable, palatalization.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Closed syllable.
Closed syllable, suffix.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: узко-
Derived from 'узок' (narrow), indicating degree.
Root: специализирован-
Derived from 'специализация' (specialization).
Suffix: -ных
Plural, genitive/dative case, adjectival gender marker.
Highly specialized, narrowly focused.
Translation: Highly specialized
Examples:
"узкоспециализированных врачей"
"узкоспециализированное оборудование"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar morphological structure, differing initial prefix.
Same root, demonstrating stress pattern consistency.
Similar prefix-root-suffix structure.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Principle
Russian prefers syllables ending in vowels. Syllables are formed around vowels.
Consonant Cluster Resolution
Consonant clusters are broken based on the following vowel, prioritizing the creation of open syllables.
Vowel Reduction
Unstressed vowels are reduced to schwa /ə/ or other reduced forms.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Palatalization of consonants before vowels (e.g., 'спе' /spʲe/)
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is crucial for accurate pronunciation.
The 'стл' cluster is resolved by the following vowel.
Summary:
The word 'узкоспециализированных' is a complex adjective with ten syllables, stressed on the 'спе' syllable. Syllabification follows the open syllable principle, with vowel reduction in unstressed positions. It's formed from the prefix 'узко-', the root 'специализирован-', and the suffix '-ных'.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "узкоспециализированных" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "узкоспециализированных" is a long, complex adjective meaning "highly specialized." It's formed through a series of prefixes and suffixes attached to a root. Pronunciation involves a mix of voiced and voiceless consonants, palatalization, and vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (preferring syllables ending in vowels), and considering consonant clusters, the division is as follows (detailed in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- узко- (uzko-): Prefix, derived from "узок" (uzok - narrow), meaning "narrowly" or "highly."
- специализирован- (spetsializirovan-): Root, derived from "специализация" (spetsializatsiya - specialization).
- -ных (-nykh): Suffix, indicating plural, genitive, or dative case, and adjectival gender.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the root syllable: спе-циа-ли-зи-ро-ван-ных.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ˈuzkəspʲɪt͡sɪəlʲɪˈzʲirəvənːɨx/
6. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification can be tricky with consonant clusters. The "стл" cluster is a common challenge, but in this case, the vowel following the "л" dictates the syllable break. Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is also a key feature.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective. While the root "специализирован" could theoretically form a past participle verb, the suffixes clearly mark it as an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of the grammatical function of the root.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Highly specialized, narrowly focused.
- Translation: Highly specialized (English)
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- Synonyms: углублённый (uglublennyy - in-depth), профильный (profil'nyy - profile-based)
- Antonyms: общий (obshchiy - general), универсальный (universal'nyy - universal)
- Examples:
- "узкоспециализированных врачей" (uzkospetsializirovannykh vrachey) - highly specialized doctors
- "узкоспециализированное оборудование" (uzkospetsializirovannoye oborudovaniye) - highly specialized equipment
9. Phonological Comparison:
- широкоспециализированных (shirokospetsializirovannykh): "widely specialized." Syllable division is similar, but the initial consonant cluster differs.
- специализированный (spetsializirovanny): "specialized" (masculine singular). Shorter, but the root syllable remains stressed.
- уникализированных (unikalizirovannykh): "uniquely specialized". Similar structure, demonstrating the consistent application of prefixation and suffixation.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.