Hyphenation ofэлектрифицированною
Syllable Division:
э-лек-три-фи-ци-ро-ван-но-ю
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ɪlʲɪktɾɪfʲɪt͡sɪˈrovənːəjʊ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
000001001
Primary stress falls on the sixth syllable ('ро').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Closed syllable, palatalization of /l/.
Closed syllable.
Open syllable, palatalization of /f/.
Closed syllable, affricate nucleus.
Open, stressed syllable.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, geminated /n/.
Open syllable, glide /j/.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: элек-
From 'электр-' (electricity), Greek origin.
Root: -три-
Part of the verb root.
Suffix: -фи-ци-рова-н-но-ю
Past passive participle suffixes, indicating action and grammatical agreement.
Electrified, having been subjected to electrification.
Translation: Electrified
Examples:
"Электрифицированная железная дорога"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the 'элек-три-' syllable structure.
Shares the 'элек-три-фи-' syllable structure.
Similar closed syllable structure with 'ци-'.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel Nucleus Rule
Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei.
Consonant Cluster Rule
Consonant clusters are generally broken before a vowel.
Palatalization Rule
Consonants can become palatalized before certain vowels.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Gemination of /n/ in 'ванно'.
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
Palatalization of consonants before /ɪ/.
Summary:
The word 'электрифицированною' is a complex Russian adjective meaning 'electrified'. It is syllabified as э-лек-три-фи-ци-ро-ван-но-ю, with stress on the sixth syllable. The word's structure reflects its derivation from the verb 'электрифицировать' and incorporates various suffixes indicating past passive participle formation and grammatical agreement.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "электрифицированною" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "электрифицированною" is a long, complex adjective in Russian, derived from the verb "электрифицировать" (to electrify). Its pronunciation involves a series of vowel reductions and consonant assimilation, typical of Russian phonology.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word is divided as follows: э-лек-три-фи-ци-ро-ван-но-ю.
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: элек- (from "электр-" - electricity, ultimately from Greek "ἤλεκτρον" - amber) - denotes the relation to electricity.
- Root: -три- (part of the verb root, related to action/process)
- Suffixes:
- -фи- (part of the verb root, forming the infinitive)
- -ци- (connective vowel)
- -рова- (suffix indicating past passive participle formation) - derived from the verb suffix -ова-
- -н- (suffix indicating past passive participle)
- -но- (short form adjective ending, masculine/neuter)
- -ю (feminine singular ending, agreeing with a feminine noun)
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the sixth syllable: ро- (э-лек-три-фи-ци-ро-ван-но-ю).
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ɪlʲɪktɾɪfʲɪt͡sɪˈrovənːəjʊ/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
- э - /ɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.
- лек - /lʲɪkt/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken before a vowel. Exception: Palatalization of /l/ before /ɪ/.
- три - /trɪ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken before a vowel.
- фи - /fʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. Palatalization of /f/ before /ɪ/.
- ци - /t͡sɪ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Affricate /t͡s/ forms a syllable nucleus.
- ро - /ro/ - Open syllable, stressed. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. Stress influences vowel quality.
- ван - /vən/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. Vowel reduction in unstressed position.
- но - /nːo/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. Gemination of /n/ due to preceding consonant.
- ю - /jʊ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. /j/ is a glide forming part of the syllable.
7. Edge Case Review:
The gemination of /n/ in "ванно" is a common feature of Russian phonology, occurring after certain consonants and before vowels. Vowel reduction is also a significant factor, particularly in unstressed syllables.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective in the feminine singular, past passive participle form. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical function.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Electrified, having been subjected to electrification.
- Translation: Electrified
- Grammatical Category: Adjective (past passive participle)
- Synonyms: электризованный (elektrisovannyy)
- Antonyms: неэлектрифицированный (neelektrifitsirovannyy) - unelectrified
- Examples: "Электрифицированная железная дорога" (Elektrifitsirovannaya zheleznaya doroga) - "Electrified railway."
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Regional variations in vowel reduction might occur, but the core syllabification remains consistent. Some speakers might slightly reduce the vowel in "ванно" further.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- электричество (elektritchestvo - electricity): э-лек-три-че-ст-во. Similar syllable structure, with the "элек-три-" portion being identical.
- электрификация (elektrifikatsiya - electrification): э-лек-три-фи-ка-ци-я. Shares the "элек-три-фи-" syllable structure.
- цифровой (tsifrovoy - digital): ци-фро-вой. Demonstrates a similar closed syllable structure with "ци-".
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.