Hyphenation ofвременно-пространственный
Syllable Division:
вре-мен-но-про-стран-ст-вен-ный
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/vrʲɪˈmʲɪnːə prəˈstranʲstvʲɪnːɨj/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00101011
Primary stress falls on the third syllable ('стран' in 'пространственный').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, onset with a sonorant consonant.
Closed syllable, onset with a sonorant consonant.
Open syllable, unstressed vowel reduction.
Open syllable, onset with a plosive and a sonorant.
Closed syllable, stressed, complex onset.
Closed syllable, consonant cluster.
Closed syllable, onset with a sonorant consonant.
Closed syllable, suffix, final consonant.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: временно-
From 'время' (time), indicating temporality.
Root: простран-
Combination of 'про-' (through, about) and 'стран-' (space, direction).
Suffix: -ный
Adjectival suffix forming a relative adjective.
Относящийся ко времени и пространству
Translation: Temporal-spatial, space-time
Examples:
"Временно-пространственный континуум"
"Временно-пространственные характеристики"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Sonority Sequencing Principle
Syllables are formed around a sonority peak (vowel).
Onset Maximization
Consonant clusters are maximized within the onset of a syllable.
Russian Syllable Structure
Primarily (C)V(C) structure is followed.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The interfix '-о-' does not create a separate syllable.
Consonant clusters 'ст' and 'стр' are treated as part of the root syllable.
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a key feature.
Summary:
The word 'временно-пространственный' is a complex adjective syllabified into eight syllables (вре-мен-но-про-стран-ст-вен-ный) following Russian phonological rules. It's a compound word with a prefix, two roots, an interfix, and a suffix. The primary stress falls on the third syllable. Syllable division adheres to the sonority sequencing principle and onset maximization.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "временно-пространственный" (vre-men-no-pro-stran-st-ven-nyy)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "временно-пространственный" (vre-men-no-pro-stran-st-ven-nyy) is a complex adjective meaning "temporal-spatial" or "space-time". It's a compound word formed from two roots. Pronunciation follows standard Russian phonological rules, with vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
2. Syllable Division:
vre-men-no-pro-stran-st-ven-nyy
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: вре́мен- (vrémen-) - From "время" (vrémya) meaning "time". Indicates temporality.
- Root 1: про- (pro-) - A prefix denoting "through," "about," or "relating to." Origin: Proto-Slavic.
- Root 2: стран- (stran-) - From "страна" (strana) meaning "country," but here relating to "space" or "direction." Origin: Proto-Slavic.
- Suffix: -ный (-nyy) - Adjectival suffix, forming a relative adjective. Origin: Proto-Slavic.
- Interfix: -о- (-o-) - Connects the two roots.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the third syllable: вре́мен-но-про-стра́н-ствен-ный.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/vrʲɪˈmʲɪnːə prəˈstranʲstvʲɪnːɨj/
6. Edge Case Review:
The presence of the interfix "-о-" and the compound nature of the word require careful consideration. The consonant clusters "ст" and "стр" are common in Russian and don't typically cause syllable breaks within the root.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Относящийся ко времени и пространству (Otnosyashchiysya ko vremeni i prostranstvu).
- Translation: Temporal-spatial, space-time.
- Grammatical Category: Adjective.
- Synonyms: пространственно-временной (prostranstvenno-vremennoy), относящийся к пространству и времени (otnosyashchiysya k prostranstvu i vremeni).
- Antonyms: None directly applicable.
- Examples:
- Временно-пространственный континуум (Vremennoprostanstvennyy kontinuum) - Space-time continuum.
- Временно-пространственные характеристики (Vremennoprostanstvennyye kharakteristiki) - Space-time characteristics.
9. Phonological Comparison:
- "внимание" (vnimaniye) - /vʲɪˈnʲɪmʲɪjə/: Similar vowel reduction patterns in unstressed syllables. Syllable division: вни-ма-ни-е.
- "странный" (strannyy) - /ˈstranːɨj/: Shares the "стран-" root. Syllable division: стран-ный.
- "временной" (vremennoy) - /vrʲɪˈmʲɛnːəj/: Shares the "врем-" root. Syllable division: вре-мен-ной.
The syllable structure in "временно-пространственный" is consistent with these words, demonstrating typical Russian syllable patterns (CV, CVC). The longer length and compound nature of the target word are the primary differences.
10. Division Rules:
- Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables tend to be formed around a sonority peak (vowel).
- Onset Maximization: Consonant clusters are maximized within the onset of a syllable when possible.
- Russian Syllable Structure: Primarily (C)V(C) structure.
- Compound Word Syllabification: Syllabification follows the rules for individual morphemes within the compound.
11. Special Considerations:
The interfix "-о-" doesn't create a separate syllable. The consonant clusters "ст" and "стр" are treated as part of the root syllable. Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a key feature of Russian pronunciation.
12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Minor variations in vowel quality might occur depending on the speaker's dialect, but the syllable division remains consistent.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.