Hyphenation ofдвенадцатиперстными

Linguistic Analysis of "двенадцатиперстными" (dvenadtsatiperstnymi)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "двенадцатиперстными" (dvenadtsatiperstnymi) is a Russian adjective in the instrumental plural case. It describes something relating to the duodenum. Its pronunciation is complex due to the presence of several consonants and reduced vowels.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

две-на-дца-ти-перст-ны-ми

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: две- (dve-) - meaning "twelve," from Proto-Slavic dъva.
• Root: -на-дцать- (nadtsat') - meaning "teen," from Proto-Slavic desętь (ten). This is a complex root component.
• Root: -перст- (perst-) - meaning "finger," "digit," ultimately related to the duodenum's finger-like shape, from Proto-Slavic pьrstъ.
• Suffix: -н- (n-) - a participial suffix, forming an adjective.
• Suffix: -ы- (y-) - a plural marker.
• Suffix: -ми (-mi) - instrumental plural case ending.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: перст-ны́-ми.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/dvʲɪnɐˈd͡zatsʲɪpʲɪrˈstnɨmʲɪ/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification prioritizes vowel sounds. Consonant clusters are generally broken up to create syllables around vowels. The "стн" cluster is a common challenge, but is resolved by syllabification rules.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective. As an adjective, its syllabification and stress remain consistent across different contexts.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Relating to or of the duodenum.
• English Translation: duodenal
• Grammatical Category: Adjective
• Synonyms: (None readily available, as it's a highly specific anatomical term)
• Antonyms: (None readily available)
• Examples:
  • "двенадцатиперстными железами" (dvenadtsatiperstnymi zhelezami) - "duodenal glands"
  • "двенадцатиперстными изъязвлениями" (dvenadtsatiperstnymi iz'yazvleniyami) - "duodenal ulcers"

9. Phonological Comparison:

• двенадцать (dvenadtsat') - twelve: две-на-дцать. Similar initial syllables. Stress falls on the third syllable.
• перст (perst) - finger: перст. Shares the root "перст-". Stress falls on the first syllable.
• пальцами (pal'tsami) - with fingers: паль-ца-ми. Similar instrumental plural ending. Stress falls on the first syllable.

The differences in syllable division arise from the varying lengths and complexities of the words, and the presence of prefixes and suffixes. The stress patterns also differ based on the word's morphological structure.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables are formed around the most sonorous (loudest) sound, typically a vowel.
• Rule 2: Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are broken up to create syllables, prioritizing the preservation of onsets and codas.
• Rule 3: Morphological Boundaries: Syllable boundaries often align with morpheme boundaries.

11. Special Considerations:

The vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor in Russian pronunciation. The "о" in "две" is reduced to a schwa-like sound /ə/ or /ɐ/. The palatalization of consonants before "и" also influences pronunciation.