Hyphenation ofмалоупотребительному

Linguistic Analysis of "малоупотребительному" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "малоупотребительному" is a Russian adjective meaning "little-used" or "rarely employed." It's a relatively long word with a complex morphological structure. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian phonology.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

ма-ло-у-по-тре-би-тель-но-му

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: ма- (meaning "little," "few") - Slavic origin, quantitative prefix.
• Root: -треб- (from the verb "требовать" - to demand, to require) - Slavic origin, related to the concept of usage or need.
• Suffixes:
  • -у- (linking vowel) - Slavic origin, connects the prefix and root.
  • -по- (participial suffix) - Slavic origin, forms a passive participle.
  • -тель- (suffix forming an agent noun, indicating someone/something that performs the action) - Slavic origin.
  • -но- (suffix forming an adjective from a noun) - Slavic origin.
  • -му (case ending, dative singular masculine/neuter) - Slavic origin, indicates the recipient of an action or state.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: тре.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/məlʊpətrʲɪˈtʲelʲnəmʊ/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• ма /ma/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.
• ло /lɔ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.
• у /u/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. This syllable is short and often reduced in rapid speech.
• по /pɔ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.
• тре /trʲe/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters before vowels form part of the following syllable. The 'р' is palatalized due to the following 'е'.
• би /bʲi/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. The 'б' is palatalized due to the following 'и'.
• тель /tʲelʲ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters before vowels form part of the following syllable. The 'т' and 'л' are palatalized due to the following 'е'.
• но /nɔ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.
• му /mʊ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. Vowel reduction is common in unstressed syllables.

7. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally avoids leaving a single consonant at the beginning of a syllable unless it's part of a consonant cluster. This rule is consistently followed in this word. Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor in pronunciation, but doesn't affect the written syllable division.

8. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: малоупотребительному
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Definitions:
  • Definition: Little-used, rarely employed, uncommon.
  • Translation: Little-used, rare
  • Synonyms: редкий (redkiy - rare), незаурядный (nezayryadnyy - unusual)
  • Antonyms: распространённый (rasprostranyonnyy - common), популярный (populyarnyy - popular)
  • Examples: "малоупотребительному слову" (to a little-used word), "малоупотребительному методу" (to a rarely employed method).

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization. However, these variations wouldn't fundamentally alter the syllable division.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• интересному (interesting - dative singular): ин-те-рес-но-му. Similar syllable structure with alternating consonant-vowel patterns. Stress falls on the third syllable.
• необыкновенному (extraordinary - dative singular): не-об-ы-кно-вен-но-му. Longer word, but follows similar syllabification principles. Stress falls on the fifth syllable.
• важному (important - dative singular): важ-но-му. Shorter word, but demonstrates the same rule of syllable formation around vowel nuclei. Stress falls on the first syllable.

The differences in syllable count and stress placement are due to the varying lengths and morphological structures of the words. However, the underlying syllabification rules remain consistent.