Hyphenation ofмелкокристаллическому
Syllable Division:
ме-л-ко-кри-стал-ли-че-ско-му
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˈmʲeɫkəkrʲɪs.tɐˈlʲit͡ɕɪskə.mu/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
000100101
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable 'ли' in 'кристаллическому'.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable, vowel is palatalized due to following palatal consonant.
Closed syllable, consonant forms a syllable on its own due to vowel reduction.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, palatalization of 'р' due to following 'и'.
Closed syllable, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, palatalization of 'л' due to following 'и'.
Open syllable, soft consonant.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Closed syllable, final syllable, dative case ending.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: мелк-
From 'мелкий' (small, fine); Proto-Slavic origin; denotes small size.
Root: кристаллическ-
From 'кристалл' (crystal); Greek origin (κρύσταλλος); relates to crystals.
Suffix: -ому
Dative singular masculine/neuter adjective ending; Proto-Slavic origin; indicates case, gender, and number.
Fine-crystalline, small-crystalline
Translation: Fine-crystalline, small-crystalline
Examples:
"Мелкокристаллическому песку было трудно удержаться на склоне."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the 'кристал-' root and similar syllable structure.
Shares the 'кристал-' root and similar stress pattern.
Shares the 'мелк-' prefix, demonstrating prefix syllabification.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Principle
Russian prefers syllables ending in vowels. Syllables are formed around vowels whenever possible.
Consonant Cluster Rule
Consonant clusters are generally kept together within a syllable unless a vowel intervenes.
Vowel Reduction
Unstressed vowels are reduced, influencing syllable boundaries and pronunciation.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction significantly impacts pronunciation and can influence perceived syllable boundaries.
Palatalization of consonants affects syllable structure and pronunciation.
The 'стр' cluster is treated as a unit within a syllable.
Summary:
The word 'мелкокристаллическому' is a complex Russian adjective syllabified based on the open syllable principle and vowel reduction. It consists of a prefix 'мелк-', a root 'кристаллическ-', and a suffix '-ому'. Stress falls on the penultimate syllable. The phonetic transcription reflects vowel reduction and palatalization.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "мелкокристаллическому" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "мелкокристаллическому" is a long, complex adjective in Russian. It describes something as "fine-crystalline" or "small-crystalline." Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian phonology.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (preferring syllables ending in vowels), and considering consonant clusters, the division is as follows (detailed in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- мелк- (melk-) - Prefix, derived from the root "мелкий" (melkiy - small, fine). Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Denotes small size or fineness.
- -кристаллическ- (-kristallichesk-) - Root, derived from "кристалл" (kristall - crystal). Origin: Greek "κρύσταλλος" (krystallos). Function: Relates to the concept of crystals.
- -ому (-omu) - Suffix, dative singular masculine/neuter ending for adjectives. Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Indicates grammatical case, gender, and number.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: кристаллическому.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ˈmʲeɫkəkrʲɪs.tɐˈlʲit͡ɕɪskə.mu/
6. Edge Case Review:
The consonant cluster "стр" (str) is a common challenge in Russian syllabification. It's generally treated as a single unit within a syllable, but the following vowel determines the syllable boundary.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its function within a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Fine-crystalline, small-crystalline.
- Grammatical Category: Adjective (прилагательное)
- Translation: Fine-crystalline, small-crystalline
- Synonyms: мелкозернистый (melkozernistyy - fine-grained), мелкодисперсный (melkodispersnyy - finely dispersed)
- Antonyms: крупнокристаллический (krupnokristallicheskiy - coarse-crystalline)
- Examples:
- "Мелкокристаллическому песку было трудно удержаться на склоне." ("It was difficult for the fine-crystalline sand to stay on the slope.")
9. Phonological Comparison:
- кристаллизация (kristallizatsiya - crystallization): кри-стал-ли-за-ци-я. Similar syllable structure, stress on the second syllable.
- кристальный (kristal'nyy - crystalline): кри-стал-ный. Shorter, but shares the "кристал-" root and similar stress pattern.
- мелкий (melkiy - small): мел-кий. Shares the "мелк-" prefix, demonstrating how prefixes often form separate syllables.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the use of hyphens to join words or parts of words. It plays a crucial role in writing, ensuring clarity and readability.
In compound terms like 'check-in', the hyphen clarifies relationships between words. It also assists in breaking words at line ends, preserving flow and understanding, such as in 'tele-communication'. Hyphenation rules vary; some words lose their hyphens with common usage (e.g., 'email' from 'e-mail'). It's an evolving aspect of language, with guidelines differing across style manuals. Understanding hyphenation improves writing quality, making it an indispensable tool in effective communication.