Hyphenation ofмелкокристаллический

Linguistic Analysis of "мелкокристаллический" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "мелкокристаллический" (melkokristallicheskiy) is a complex adjective meaning "fine-crystalline" or "microcrystalline." It's formed through compounding and suffixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the sonority peak within a syllable, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: мел- (mel-) - From Proto-Slavic melkъ meaning "small, young, fine." Denotes small size.
• Root: кристалл- (kristall-) - Borrowed from German Kristall, ultimately from Greek krustallos meaning "ice." Refers to crystal.
• Suffix: -ическ- (-ichesk-) - A suffix forming adjectives from nouns, indicating belonging to or relating to. Derived from Old Church Slavonic.
• Suffix: -ий (-iy) - Adjectival ending, indicating masculine singular nominative case.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: мелкокристалли́ческий.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ˈmʲeɫkəkrʲɪs̪tɐˈɫʲit͡ɕɪskʲɪj/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

7. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally avoids leaving a consonant without a vowel. The "й" functions as a vowel in this case, forming its own syllable.

8. Grammatical Role:

The word is primarily an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical case or number.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: мелкокристаллический (melkokristallicheskiy)
• Translation: fine-crystalline, microcrystalline
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Synonyms: мелкозернистый (melkozernistyy - fine-grained), микрокристаллический (mikrokristallicheskiy - microcrystalline)
• Antonyms: крупнокристаллический (krupnokristallicheskiy - coarse-crystalline)
• Examples:
  • "Мелкокристаллический кварц часто используется в ювелирных изделиях." (Melkokristallicheskiy kvarts chasto ispol'zuyetsya v yuveirnykh izdeliyakh.) - "Fine-crystalline quartz is often used in jewelry."

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or the degree of palatalization. However, these variations generally do not affect the core syllabification.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• кристаллизованный (kristallizovannyy - crystallized): кри-стал-ли-зо-ван-ный. Similar root structure, but with additional suffixes. Syllable division follows the same principles.
• макрокристаллический (makrokristallicheskiy - macrocrystalline): ма-кро-кри-стал-ли-че-ский. Similar suffixation and root, but with a different prefix. Syllable division is consistent.
• мелколистовой (melkolistovoy - fine-leaved): мел-ко-ли-сто-вой. Similar prefix and structure, demonstrating the consistent application of syllabification rules.