Hyphenation ofнедоброжелательностью
Syllable Division:
не-доб-ро-же-ла-тель-но-стью
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/nʲɪˈdobrɐʐɨˈlʲatʲɪlʲnəsʲtʲu/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0-1-0-0-0-1-0-0
Primary stress falls on the sixth syllable ('тель').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable, stressed vowel.
Open syllable, unstressed vowel, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, unstressed vowel.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, primary stress, palatalized consonants.
Open syllable, unstressed vowel, vowel reduction.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: не-
Native Slavic, negation.
Root: добро-
Native Slavic, meaning 'good'.
Suffix: -жела- -тель- -но- -стью
Native Slavic, forming agent nouns and abstract nouns.
Ill-will, hostility, unfriendliness, malice.
Translation: Ill-will, hostility, unfriendliness.
Examples:
"Его недоброжелательность была очевидна."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the 'добро-' root and similar syllable structure.
Shares the '-жела-' root and similar suffix structure.
Shares the '-ность' suffix and similar syllable structure.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel Nucleus
Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei.
Consonant Cluster Avoidance
Russian syllabification generally avoids breaking consonant clusters.
Vowel Reduction
Unstressed vowels undergo reduction, affecting pronunciation but not syllable division.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Palatalization of consonants influences syllable structure.
Vowel reduction is a significant phonetic feature but doesn't alter syllable division.
Summary:
The word 'недоброжелательностью' is divided into eight syllables based on vowel nuclei and avoiding consonant cluster breaks. It's a complex noun formed through extensive affixation, with primary stress on the sixth syllable. Syllable structure is consistent with general Russian phonological rules, with vowel reduction and palatalization playing key roles in pronunciation.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "недоброжелательностью" (nedobrozhelatel'nost'yu)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "недоброжелательностью" is a noun meaning "ill-will," "hostility," or "unfriendliness." It's a relatively long word formed through extensive affixation. Pronunciation involves a complex interplay of vowel reduction and consonant assimilation, typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
не-доб-ро-же-ла-тель-но-стью
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: не- (ne-) - Native Slavic. Negation.
- Root: добро- (dobro-) - Native Slavic. Meaning "good," "kind."
- Suffix: -жела- (-zhela-) - Native Slavic. Related to "желать" (zhelat') - "to wish," "to desire." Forms the base of "желательный" (zhelatel'nyy) - "desirable."
- Suffix: -тель- (-tel') - Native Slavic. Forms agent nouns, indicating someone who performs the action.
- Suffix: -но- (-no-) - Native Slavic. Used to form adjectives from verbs or nouns.
- Suffix: -стью (-st'yu) - Native Slavic. Forms abstract nouns denoting a quality or state.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the sixth syllable: не-доб-ро-же-ла-тель-но-стью.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/nʲɪˈdobrɐʐɨˈlʲatʲɪlʲnəsʲtʲu/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
- не- /nʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. The 'е' is palatalized due to the following soft consonant.
- доб- /ˈdob/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant.
- ро- /rɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant. Vowel reduction occurs in unstressed syllables.
- же- /ʐɨ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant.
- ла- /lʲa/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant. 'л' is palatalized by the following 'а'.
- тель- /ˈtʲelʲ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant. Primary stress. Palatalization of 'т' and 'л'.
- но- /nɔ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by consonant. Vowel reduction.
- стью /stʲu/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster followed by vowel. 'с' is palatalized by the following 'т'.
7. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification generally avoids breaking consonant clusters. The 'тель' syllable is a common example where a consonant cluster remains intact within a syllable. Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor, impacting pronunciation but not syllable division.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: недоброжелательность (nedobrozhelatel'nost')
- Part of Speech: Noun
- Definitions:
- Definition: Ill-will, hostility, unfriendliness, malice.
- Translation: Ill-will, hostility, unfriendliness.
- Synonyms: враждебность (vrazhdebnost') - hostility, неприязнь (nepriyazn') - dislike.
- Antonyms: доброжелательность (dobrozhelatel'nost') - friendliness, доброта (dobrota) - kindness.
- Examples: "Его недоброжелательность была очевидна." (Ego nedobrozhelatel'nost' byla очевидна.) - "His ill-will was obvious."
- Grammatical Category: Feminine, indeclinable.
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization. However, these variations generally do not affect the core syllable division.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- доброта (dobrota) - kindness: доб-ро-та. Similar syllable structure, with open syllables. Stress falls on the second syllable.
- желание (zhelanie) - desire: же-ла-ни-е. Similar root and suffix structure. Stress falls on the second syllable.
- сердечность (serdechnost') - sincerity: сер-деч-ность. Similar suffix structure (-ность). Stress falls on the second syllable.
The differences in syllable division are primarily due to the varying prefixes and the length of the root/stem. The core rules of vowel-centered syllables and avoiding consonant cluster breaks remain consistent.
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