Hyphenation ofпатологоанатомическая

Linguistic Analysis of "патологоанатомическая" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "патологоанатомическая" (patologó-anatomícheskaya) is a complex adjective meaning "pathological-anatomical" or "pertaining to pathological anatomy." It's a highly specialized term used in medical contexts. Pronunciation involves a series of stressed and unstressed syllables, with the primary stress falling on the fifth syllable.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word is divided as follows (using only original letters):

па-то-ло-го-а-на-то-ми-че-ска-я

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: пато- (pato-) - From Greek pathos meaning "suffering, disease." Indicates a connection to pathology.
• Root: лого- (logo-) - From Greek logos meaning "word, study." Here, it functions as a combining form related to the study of.
• Root: анатоми- (anatomi-) - From Greek anatomē meaning "dissection." The core root relating to anatomy.
• Suffix: -ческ- (-chesk-) - A suffix forming adjectives, indicating belonging to or relating to. (Derived from Old Church Slavonic)
• Suffix: -ая (-aya) - A feminine singular adjectival ending.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: па-то-ло-го-а-на-то-ми-че-ска-я.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/pətɐlɐˈɡʲɪtɕɪˈskəjə/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets. Consonant clusters are broken up in a way that creates pronounceable syllables. The 'т' in 'то' and 'ми' are examples of this.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is primarily an adjective. As an adjective, the stress pattern remains consistent. It can also function as part of a compound noun, but the syllabification doesn't change.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Relating to the study of the structural and functional changes in tissues and organs caused by disease.
• Translation: Pathological-anatomical
• Grammatical Category: Adjective
• Synonyms: (In context) клинико-анатомический (kliniko-anatomicheskiy - clinical-anatomical)
• Antonyms: здоровый (zdorovy - healthy)
• Examples:
  • "Патологоанатомическое исследование выявило злокачественную опухоль." (Patologó-anatomícheskoye isslédovaniye vy'yavilo zlokachéstvennuyu opukhol'.) - "The pathological-anatomical examination revealed a malignant tumor."

9. Phonological Comparison:

• биологическая (biologicheskaya): би-о-ло-ги-че-ска-я - Similar structure with multiple suffixes. Stress falls on the fourth syllable.
• физиологическая (fiziologicheskaya): фи-зи-о-ло-ги-че-ска-я - Again, similar structure. Stress falls on the fourth syllable.
• психологическая (psikhologicheskaya): пси-хо-ло-ги-че-ска-я - Similar structure. Stress falls on the fourth syllable.

The consistent stress pattern on the fourth syllable (or fifth in this case, due to the initial 'патолого') in these words demonstrates a common pattern for adjectives ending in "-ическая" or "-ческая". The initial prefix in "патологоанатомическая" shifts the stress slightly.

Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables are formed to maximize sonority, with more sonorous sounds (vowels) forming syllable nuclei.
• Rule 2: Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are broken up to create pronounceable syllables, often prioritizing onsets.
• Rule 3: Vowel-Based Division: Vowels generally separate syllables.