Hyphenation ofпереусердствовавшему

Linguistic Analysis of "переусердствовавшему" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "переусердствовавшему" is a complex verbal adjective (past active participle) derived from the verb "переусердствовать" (to overdo, to be excessive). Its pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: пере- (pere-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Indicates excessiveness, overdoing.
• Root: усерд- (userd-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic, related to "сердце" (heart), implying zeal or earnestness.
• Suffix: -ствова- (-stvova-) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Forms a verbal noun or infinitive-like structure.
• Suffix: -в- (-v-) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Connective suffix, often used before past participles.
• Suffix: -шему (-shemu) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Masculine singular dative/locative past active participle ending.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: пе-ре-у-серд-ство-вав-ше-му.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/pʲɪrʲɪˈusʲɪrdst͡vəvɐv͡ʃɪmʊ/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• пе (pe): /pʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division generally occurs before vowels. Exception: Palatalization of /p/ due to following /ɪ/.
• ре (re): /rʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before vowels. Exception: Palatalization of /r/ due to following /ɪ/.
• у (u): /u/ - Open syllable. Rule: Single vowel constitutes a syllable.
• серд (serd): /sʲɪrd/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken before vowels. Exception: /sʲ/ and /r/ form a relatively stable cluster.
• ство (stvo): /ˈst͡və/ - Closed syllable, stressed. Rule: Syllable division before vowels. Stress assignment influences vowel quality.
• вав (vav): /vɐv/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before vowels. Vowel reduction is common in unstressed syllables.
• ше (she): /ʃɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before vowels.
• му (mu): /mʊ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant-vowel combination forms a syllable. Vowel reduction.

7. Edge Case Review:

The consonant clusters /st͡v/ and /vʃ/ are common in Russian and don't present significant syllabification challenges. Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a key feature of Russian phonology and affects the pronunciation of several syllables.

8. Grammatical Role:

The word is a masculine singular dative/locative past active participle. Syllabification remains consistent regardless of grammatical function, though stress placement is crucial for correct interpretation.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: переусердствовавшему
• Translation: to the one who overdid, having been excessive
• Part of Speech: Past Active Participle (Adjective)
• Synonyms: чрезмерно усердствовавшему (chrezmerno userdstvovavshemu - excessively zealous), излишне усердствовавшему (ilishne userdstvovavshemu - unduly zealous)
• Antonyms: недостаточно усердствовавшему (nedostatochno userdstvovavshemu - insufficiently zealous)
• Example: "Переусердствовавшему студенту пришлось переделывать работу." (The student who had overdone it had to redo the work.)

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Regional variations in vowel reduction might occur, but the core syllabification remains consistent. Some speakers might slightly alter the palatalization of consonants, but this doesn't affect syllable boundaries.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• усердствовать (userdstvovat'): u-serd-stvo-vat' - Similar syllable structure, demonstrating the consistent division around the root "userd-".
• переоценить (pereotsenit'): pe-re-o-tse-nit' - Shows similar prefix division ("pere-") and vowel-based syllable separation.
• совершенствоваться (sovershenstvovat'sya): so-ver-shen-stvo-vat'-sya - Demonstrates the handling of longer consonant clusters and the addition of suffixes.