Hyphenation ofпротивопоставленными

Linguistic Analysis of "противопоставленными" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "противопоставленными" is a long, complex adjective in Russian, meaning "opposed," "contrasted," or "set against each other." Its pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of the language.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

про-ти-во-по-став-лен-ны-ми

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: про- (Old Slavic) - Indicates direction "against," "counter," or completion of an action.
• Root: -став- (Indo-European root *stā- meaning "to stand, to set") - Forms the base meaning of "positioning" or "setting."
• Suffixes:
  • -о- (Russian) - Connective vowel, common in compound words and derivations.
  • -по- (Russian) - Forms a passive participle or adjective, indicating an action done to something.
  • -став- (Russian) - Part of the root, but also contributes to the adjectival formation.
  • -ленн- (Russian) - Suffix forming passive adjectives.
  • -ы- (Russian) - Flexional ending indicating plural gender and case (instrumental or locative).
  • -ми (Russian) - Flexional ending indicating plural gender and case (instrumental or locative).

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: про-ти-во-по-став-лен-ны-ми.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/prətʲɪvəpəˈstavlʲɪnːɨmʲɪ/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification prioritizes vowel sounds. Consonant clusters are broken up based on sonority, but attempts are made to keep affixes intact. The 'в' after 'ти' is a potential point of debate, but it's generally considered part of the 'во' syllable due to the vowel following it.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective in the plural, instrumental/locative case. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of the specific case within the plural form.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Opposed, contrasted, set against each other.
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Translation: Opposed, contrasted, set against each other.
• Synonyms: противоположные (pro-ti-vo-po-lozh-nye), контрастные (kon-tras-tnye)
• Antonyms: одинаковые (o-di-na-ko-vye) - identical, похожие (po-ho-zhi-ye) - similar
• Examples:
  • "Эти идеи были противопоставлены друг другу." (Eti idei byli pro-ti-vo-po-stav-le-ny drug dru-gu.) - "These ideas were opposed to each other."
  • "Противопоставленные взгляды на проблему." (Pro-ti-vo-po-stav-len-nye vzglya-dy na pro-ble-mu.) - "Opposing views on the problem."

9. Phonological Comparison:

• противоположные (pro-ti-vo-po-lozh-nye): pro-ti-vo-po-lozh-nye - Similar prefix and root structure. Stress falls on 'лож'. Syllable division follows the same vowel-centric rules.
• поставленные (po-stav-len-nye): po-stav-len-nye - Shares the root '-став-' and the suffix '-ленн-'. Stress falls on 'став'.
• воспоминаниями (vo-spi-na-ni-ya-mi): vo-spi-na-ni-ya-mi - Demonstrates vowel-centric syllabification with consonant clusters. Stress falls on 'ни'.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Vowel-Centric Syllabification: Each vowel generally forms the nucleus of a syllable.
• Rule 2: Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are broken up based on sonority, with less sonorous consonants tending to attach to the following vowel.
• Rule 3: Affix Integrity: Prefixes and suffixes are generally kept intact within a syllable.

11. Special Considerations:

The long string of consonants in the middle of the word requires careful application of the sonority hierarchy to determine syllable boundaries. Vowel reduction (akan'ye and ikan'ye) in unstressed syllables affects pronunciation but doesn't alter the syllabification based on the written form.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or consonant palatalization. These variations wouldn't fundamentally change the syllable division.