Hyphenation ofпротивопоставленности

Linguistic Analysis of "противопоставленности" (protivopostavlennosti)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "противопоставленности" is a complex noun in Russian, meaning "oppositions" or "contrasts." It's formed through extensive prefixation and suffixation. Pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions, typical of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters): про-ти-во-по-став-лен-но-сти

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: про- (pro-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Indicates direction "against," "opposite to," or completion of an action.
• Root: став- (stav-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic staviti ("to put, to place"). Function: Forms the base meaning related to "setting," "placing," or "establishing."
• Prefix: противо- (protivo-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Indicates opposition, counteraction. This is a compound prefix with 'pro-' and 'тиво'.
• Suffix: -лен- (-len-) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Forms passive adjectives or nouns denoting a state or quality.
• Suffix: -ност- (-nost-) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Forms abstract nouns denoting a state, quality, or condition.
• Suffix: -и (-i) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Genitive plural ending.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the sixth syllable: про-ти-во-по-став-лен-но-сти.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/prətʲɪvɐpəˈstalʲɪnːəstʲɪ/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification prioritizes vowel sounds. Consonant clusters are broken up based on sonority, with more sonorous sounds tending to form the nucleus of a syllable. The 'ст' cluster is a common example.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is primarily a noun. Its syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: противопоставленности (protivopostavlennosti)
• Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine, plural, genitive)
• English Translation: oppositions, contrasts, counterpositions
• Synonyms: различия (razlichiya - differences), противоречия (protivorechiya - contradictions)
• Antonyms: сходства (skhodstva - similarities), совпадения (sovpadeniya - coincidences)
• Examples:
  • "Анализ противополoжностей в философии." (Analysis of oppositions in philosophy.)
  • "Эти две идеи находятся в состоянии противопоставленности." (These two ideas are in a state of opposition.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• возможности (vozmozhnosti - possibilities): во-змож-но-сти. Similar syllable structure with consonant clusters. Stress falls on the third syllable.
• ответственности (otvetstvennosti - responsibilities): от-вет-ствен-но-сти. Similar complex morphology and consonant clusters. Stress falls on the fourth syllable.
• непосредственности (neposredstvennosti - immediacy): не-по-сред-ствен-но-сти. Similar prefixation and suffixation, creating a long word with multiple syllables. Stress falls on the fifth syllable.

The differences in stress placement are due to the varying morphological structures and the inherent stress patterns of Russian, which are not entirely predictable but follow certain tendencies.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Vowel-Based Syllabification: Each vowel generally forms the nucleus of a syllable.
• Rule 2: Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are broken up based on sonority, with more sonorous sounds forming syllable nuclei.
• Rule 3: Prefix/Suffix Boundaries: Syllable breaks often occur at the boundaries between prefixes, roots, and suffixes.

11. Special Considerations:

The vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor in Russian pronunciation, but it doesn't affect the written syllable division. The 'о' vowel in unstressed positions often reduces to /ə/ or /a/.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed above, some regional variations might exist in vowel reduction or the degree of palatalization of consonants. However, these variations generally do not alter the syllable division.