Hyphenation ofпротивопоставлявшуюся
Syllable Division:
про-ти-во-по-ста́в-ляв-шую-ся
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/prətʲɪvəpəstlʲɪˈvaʋʂʊjəsʲæ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00001000
Primary stress falls on the fifth syllable ('ста́в').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Closed, stressed syllable.
Open syllable.
Closed syllable.
Open syllable, final syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: про-
Old Slavic, indicates direction 'against', 'counter'.
Root: тиво-по-став-
Slavic, related to 'ти' (this), 'во' (in/into), and 'ставить' (to put, to place).
Suffix: -ля-вш-ую-ся
Slavic suffixes forming iterative aspect, past participle, feminine singular, and reflexive/passive particle.
Being opposed, contrasted, or set against something.
Translation: being opposed, being contrasted, being set against
Examples:
"Книга, противопоставлявшуюся другим теориям, вызвала много споров."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar syllable structure and suffixation.
Similar suffixation and consonant clusters.
Similar structure and suffixation.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Maximizing Open Syllables
Syllables are formed to be open (ending in a vowel) whenever possible.
Consonant Cluster Division
Consonant clusters are broken to create open syllables, but attempts are made to keep pronounceable units together.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The 'вш' cluster is often pronounced as a single unit, but syllabified separately due to the following vowel.
Vowel reduction (akan'ye) affects pronunciation but not syllabification.
Summary:
The word 'противопоставлявшуюся' is a complex past passive participle syllabified according to Russian rules prioritizing open syllables and avoiding unnecessary breaks in consonant clusters. Stress falls on the fifth syllable. The word is morphologically rich, containing a prefix, root, and multiple suffixes.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "противопоставлявшуюся" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "противопоставлявшуюся" is a long, complex word in Russian, a past passive participle feminine singular. It's derived from the verb "противопоставлять" (to oppose, to contrast). Pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions, typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize open syllables and avoid breaking consonant clusters where possible, the word is divided as follows (see JSON output for the orthographic representation).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: про- (pro-) - Old Slavic, indicates direction "against", "counter".
- Root: -тиво- (-tivo-) - Slavic, related to "ти" (ti - this) and "во" (vo - in/into), forming a base meaning "against this/into this".
- Root: -по- (-po-) - Slavic, indicates a limited action or a short duration.
- Root: -став- (-stav-) - Slavic, related to "ставить" (to put, to place), indicating setting something in a certain position.
- Suffix: -ля- (-lya-) - Slavic, forms the iterative aspect of the verb.
- Suffix: -вш- (-vsh-) - Slavic, forms the past participle.
- Suffix: -ую- (-uyu-) - Slavic, feminine singular ending of the past passive participle.
- Suffix: -ся (-sya) - Slavic, reflexive/passive particle.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: про-ти-во-по-ста́в-ляв-шую-ся.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/prətʲɪvəpəstlʲɪˈvaʋʂʊjəsʲæ/
6. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification can be tricky with consonant clusters. The rule of maximizing open syllables is key here. The "вш" cluster is often treated as a single unit in pronunciation, but for syllabification, it's split due to the vowel following it.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is a past passive participle, feminine singular. Syllabification remains consistent regardless of its function within a sentence (e.g., as part of a compound predicate or as an attribute).
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Being opposed, contrasted, or set against something.
- Translation: being opposed, being contrasted, being set against
- Grammatical Category: Past Passive Participle (feminine singular)
- Synonyms: противоположенную (protiwopolozhennuyu - opposite), отличающуюся (otlichayushchayasya - differing)
- Antonyms: совпадающую (sovpadayushchuyu - coinciding), подобную (podobnuyu - similar)
- Examples:
- Книга, противопоставлявшуюся другим теориям, вызвала много споров. (The book, which was opposed to other theories, caused a lot of controversy.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- показывающую (pokazyvayushchuyu): po-ka-zy-va-yu-shchuyu - Similar syllable structure, stress on the fourth syllable.
- употреблявшуюся (upotrebliavshuyusya): u-po-treb-lya-vsh-uyu-sya - Similar suffixation and consonant clusters, stress on the fifth syllable.
- оценивавшуюся (otsenivavshuyusya): o-tse-ni-va-vsh-uyu-sya - Similar structure, stress on the fifth syllable.
The differences in syllable division arise from the specific consonant clusters present in each word. The rule of maximizing open syllables is consistently applied.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the use of hyphens to join words or parts of words. It plays a crucial role in writing, ensuring clarity and readability.
In compound terms like 'check-in', the hyphen clarifies relationships between words. It also assists in breaking words at line ends, preserving flow and understanding, such as in 'tele-communication'. Hyphenation rules vary; some words lose their hyphens with common usage (e.g., 'email' from 'e-mail'). It's an evolving aspect of language, with guidelines differing across style manuals. Understanding hyphenation improves writing quality, making it an indispensable tool in effective communication.