Hyphenation ofсверхъестественность

Linguistic Analysis of "сверхъестественность" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "сверхъестественность" (sverkhyestestvennost') denotes "supernaturalness" in Russian. It's a complex noun formed through compounding and suffixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian phonology. The 'ъ' (hard sign) separates a prefix from the root and indicates a distinct pronunciation boundary.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize vowel-centric syllables and consider consonant clusters, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: сверх- (sverkh-) - Old East Slavic origin, meaning "super-, over-". Functions to intensify the meaning.
• Root: естеств- (yeststv-) - From "естественный" (yestestvennyy) - "natural", derived from Proto-Slavic *jestь "is" + *stvъ "state, condition".
• Suffix: -енн- (-enn-) - A suffix forming adjectives from verbs or nouns, indicating a quality or state.
• Suffix: -ость (-ost') - A suffix forming abstract nouns from adjectives, denoting a quality or state.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: сверхъесте́ственность.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ˈsʲevʲr̩xʲɪˈjɛstʲɪvʲɪnːəstʲ/

6. Edge Case Review:

The hard sign 'ъ' is a key element. It doesn't form a syllable itself but dictates a separation in pronunciation. The geminate consonant 'нн' (nn) in "естественность" is pronounced as a single, lengthened consonant.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is exclusively a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: The quality or state of being supernatural; something beyond the laws of nature.
• Translation: Supernaturalness
• Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine, singular)
• Synonyms: мистичность (mystichnost') - mysticism, потусторонность (potustoronnost') - otherworldliness.
• Antonyms: естественность (yestestvennost') - naturalness, реальность (real'nost') - reality.
• Examples:
  • "Он верил в сверхъестественность." (On veril v sverkhyestestvennost'.) - "He believed in the supernatural."
  • "В фильме много сцен, связанных со сверхъестественностью." (V fil'me mnogo stsen, svyazannykh so sverkhyestestvennost'yu.) - "The film has many scenes related to the supernatural."

9. Phonological Comparison:

• естественный (yestestvennyy): е-сте-ствен-ный (ye-ste-stven-nyy) - Similar root structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.
• невероятность (neveroyatnost'): не-ве-ро-ят-ность (ne-ve-ro-yat-nost') - Shares the "-ость" suffix, similar syllable structure.
• ответственность (otvetstvennost'): от-вет-ствен-ность (ot-vet-stven-nost') - Contains a consonant cluster similar to "естественность", demonstrating the rule of breaking syllables around vowels.

10. Syllable Analysis Breakdown:

Division Rules Applied:

• Vowel-Centric Syllabification: Russian syllables generally revolve around vowels.
• Consonant Cluster Rule: Consonant clusters are broken around vowels, prioritizing the creation of open syllables.
• Hard Sign Rule: The hard sign 'ъ' separates a prefix from the root and dictates a pronunciation boundary, not forming a syllable itself.
• Initial Consonant Rule: Initial consonants form a syllable.

Special Considerations:

• The hard sign 'ъ' is a unique feature of Russian orthography and phonology.
• Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor in pronunciation.
• Geminate consonants are pronounced as lengthened single consonants.