Hyphenation ofчастотоизмерительных

Linguistic Analysis of "частотоизмерительных" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "частотоизмерительных" is a complex adjective meaning "frequency-measuring" (instrumental plural). It's a derived word with multiple morphemes. Pronunciation involves a mix of voiced and voiceless consonants, palatalization, and vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, typical of Russian.

2. Syllable Division:

ча-сто-то-из-ме-ри-тель-ных

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• часто- (chasto-) - Prefix, derived from "часто" (chasto) meaning "often, frequently". Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Indicates repetition or frequency.
• -то- (-to-) - Interfix, linking the prefix to the root. Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Morphological connector.
• -измер- (-izmer-) - Root, derived from "измерять" (izmerjat') meaning "to measure". Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Core meaning of measurement.
• -итель- (-itel'-) - Suffix, forming an agent noun (one who measures). Origin: Slavic. Function: Denotes an agent or instrument.
• -ных (-nykh) - Suffix, indicating instrumental plural, adjectival form. Origin: Slavic. Function: Grammatical case and number marking.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the syllable "-тель-": ча-сто-то-из-ме-ри́-тель-ных.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/t͡ɕɪstɐˈtoɪзмʲɪrʲɪtʲɪlʲnɨx/

6. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally follows the principle of maximizing onsets. Consonant clusters are broken up in a way that creates pronounceable syllables. Vowel reduction is significant in unstressed syllables, impacting the phonetic realization but not the orthographic syllable division.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective in the instrumental plural case. Syllabification remains consistent regardless of grammatical function, though stress placement is crucial for meaning.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: Relating to or used for measuring frequency.
• Translation: Frequency-measuring
• Grammatical Category: Adjective
• Synonyms: (None readily available as a single word; descriptive phrases are used)
• Antonyms: (Difficult to define a direct antonym)
• Examples:
  • "частотоизмерительные приборы" (chastototoizmeritel'nye pribory) - frequency-measuring instruments.

9. Phonological Comparison:

• часто́та (chastóta) - frequency: ча-сто́-та. Similar structure with a prefix and root. Stress falls on the second syllable.
• измери́ть (izmerít') - to measure: из-ме-ри́-ть. Shares the root "измер-". Stress falls on the third syllable.
• прибо́ры (pribóry) - instruments: при-бо́-ры. A simpler word with a clear syllable division. Stress falls on the second syllable.

The differences in stress placement and syllable count are due to the varying morphemic composition and grammatical function of each word. "частотоизмерительных" is the most complex due to its extended prefix and suffixation.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Sonority Sequencing Principle: Syllables are formed to maximize sonority, with more sonorous sounds (vowels) forming syllable nuclei.
• Rule 2: Consonant Cluster Resolution: Consonant clusters are broken up to create permissible syllable onsets and codas.
• Rule 3: Vowel-Centric Syllables: Each syllable must contain a vowel (or a sonorant acting as a vowel).

11. Special Considerations:

The interfix "-то-" is a common feature in Russian compound words and doesn't have a direct phonetic realization but is crucial for syllable division. The palatalization of consonants before "е" and "и" influences pronunciation but doesn't alter the orthographic syllable division.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or consonant softening. However, these variations generally don't affect the syllable division.