Hyphenation ofthorough-lighted
Syllable Division:
thō-rō-ly-light-ed
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˈθʌr.oʊ.laɪ.tɪd/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
1-0-1-0-0
Primary stress on the first syllable of 'thorough' and the second syllable of 'lighted'.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, vowel followed by a consonant.
Open syllable, vowel followed by a consonant.
Closed syllable, vowel followed by a consonant.
Closed syllable, vowel followed by a consonant cluster.
Closed syllable, vowel followed by a consonant.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: thorough
Old English origin, intensifying prefix.
Root: light
Old English origin, base for illumination.
Suffix: ed
Old English origin, past tense marker.
Illuminated completely or extensively; fully lit.
Examples:
"The thorough-lighted hallway made it easy to see."
"The thorough-lighted stage was ready for the performance."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable
A syllable ending in a vowel sound is considered open.
Closed Syllable
A syllable ending in a consonant sound is considered closed.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The 'ough' digraph in 'thorough' can have multiple pronunciations, but /oʊ/ is standard in US English.
The '-ed' suffix pronunciation varies (/t/, /d/, or /ɪd/) based on the preceding sound.
Summary:
The word 'thorough-lighted' is divided into five syllables: thō-rō-ly-light-ed. It's a compound word with a prefix 'thorough', root 'light', and suffix '-ed'. Primary stress falls on the first syllable of 'thorough' and the second syllable of 'lighted'. The syllabification follows standard English rules of open and closed syllables.
Detailed Analysis:
Thorough-lighted Syllable Analysis
1. Pronunciation Examination:
The word "thorough-lighted" is pronounced /θʌr.oʊ.laɪ.tɪd/ (General American English). It's a compound word formed by combining "thorough" and "lighted." The pronunciation of "thorough" can vary slightly, but the /θʌr/ onset is consistent.
2. Syllable Division:
The syllable division, adhering to the rule of using only original letters, is: thō-rō-ly-light-ed.
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: thorough- (Old English þurh, meaning "through, completely"). Functions as an intensifying prefix.
- Root: light (Old English lēoht, meaning "light, brightness"). Functions as the base for the action of illuminating.
- Suffix: -ed (Old English -ed, past tense marker). Indicates past tense and completed action.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the first syllable of "thorough" and the second syllable of "lighted". Thus, the stress pattern is 1-0-1-0-0.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ˈθʌr.oʊ.laɪ.tɪd/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
- thō: /θoʊ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by a consonant. Potential exception: The 'ough' digraph can have multiple pronunciations, but in this case, it's pronounced as /oʊ/.
- rō: /roʊ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by a consonant.
- ly: /li/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by a consonant, and the consonant is part of the next syllable.
- light: /laɪt/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by a consonant cluster.
- ed: /ɪd/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Vowel followed by a consonant.
7. Edge Case Review:
The "ough" in "thorough" is a common source of variation. However, the pronunciation /oʊ/ is standard in US English. The "-ed" suffix can be pronounced /t/, /d/, or /ɪd/ depending on the preceding sound. Here, it's /ɪd/ due to the /t/ sound in "light."
8. Grammatical Role:
"Thorough-lighted" functions primarily as a past participle adjective. The syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Illuminated completely or extensively; fully lit.
- Grammatical Category: Adjective (past participle)
- Synonyms: well-lit, brightly lit, illuminated
- Antonyms: dark, unlit, shadowy
- Examples: "The thorough-lighted hallway made it easy to see." "The thorough-lighted stage was ready for the performance."
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Regional variations in the pronunciation of "thorough" might affect the first syllable's vowel sound, but the syllable division would remain the same.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- Wonderful: won-der-ful. Similar syllable structure (CVC-CVC-CVC). Stress pattern differs (1-0-0).
- Beautiful: beau-ti-ful. Similar syllable structure (CVC-CVC-CVC). Stress pattern differs (1-0-0).
- Colorful: col-or-ful. Similar syllable structure (CVC-CVC-CVC). Stress pattern differs (1-0-0).
The difference in stress patterns is due to the inherent stress patterns of the root words and the compounding process. "Thorough-lighted" places primary stress on the first syllable of "thorough" due to its inherent prominence, and on the second syllable of "lighted" as it is the root of the second word.
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