Hyphenation oftemperatuurafhankelijk
Syllable Division:
tem-pe-ra-tuur-af-hen-ke-lijk
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/tɛm.pə.raː.tuːr.əf.hɛŋ.kə.lɛi̯k/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00010010
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable ('pen').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Closed syllable, initial consonant cluster.
Open syllable, vowel-initial.
Open syllable, long vowel.
Closed syllable, vowel lengthening.
Open syllable, prefix.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Closed syllable, diphthong.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: af-
Germanic origin, indicates derivation/separation.
Root: temperatuur
Latin origin (*temperatura*), meaning temperature.
Suffix: hankelijk
Germanic origin, adjectival suffix indicating dependency.
Dependent on temperature.
Translation: temperature-dependent
Examples:
"De reactie is temperatuurafhankelijk."
"The reaction is temperature-dependent."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar consonant cluster patterns.
Longer word with similar vowel-consonant alternation.
Similar stress pattern and vowel-consonant structure.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Maximize Open Syllables
Dutch favors CV syllables whenever possible.
Consonant Cluster Division
Consonant clusters are generally kept together unless they are complex and disrupt syllable structure.
Prefix Separation
Prefixes like 'af-' are typically treated as separate syllables.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel lengthening in 'tuur' is a common Dutch phenomenon.
The 'af-' prefix is often treated as a separate syllable despite its brevity.
Summary:
The word 'temperatuurafhankelijk' is a complex Dutch adjective meaning 'temperature-dependent'. It is divided into eight syllables following Dutch syllabification rules that prioritize open syllables and avoid breaking up consonant clusters unnecessarily. The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable. The word is morphologically composed of the prefix 'af-', the root 'temperatuur', and the suffix 'hankelijk'.
Detailed Analysis:
Dutch Word Analysis: temperatuurafhankelijk
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "temperatuurafhankelijk" is a complex Dutch word meaning "temperature-dependent." It's a compound adjective formed from multiple morphemes. Pronunciation involves a mix of vowel qualities and consonant clusters typical of Dutch.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Dutch syllabification rules, which generally favor open syllables (CV) and avoid breaking up consonant clusters unless absolutely necessary, the division is as follows (see JSON output for the exact orthographic representation).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- temperatuur - Root: Derived from Latin temperatura (temperature). Function: Noun, denoting temperature.
- af- - Prefix: Germanic origin. Function: Indicates derivation, often negation or separation (in this case, 'dependent on').
- hankelijk - Suffix: Germanic origin. Function: Adjectival suffix indicating dependency. Derived from hankelijk meaning 'dependent'.
4. Stress Identification:
Dutch stress is generally on the penultimate (second-to-last) syllable of a word. In this case, the primary stress falls on "pen".
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/tɛm.pə.raː.tuːr.əf.hɛŋ.kə.lɛi̯k/
6. Edge Case Review:
Dutch allows for some flexibility in syllable division, particularly with consonant clusters. However, the proposed division adheres to the principle of maximizing open syllables.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word functions as an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its use in a sentence.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: temperatuurafhankelijk
- Grammatical Category: Adjective
- English Translation: temperature-dependent
- Synonyms: temperatuurgevoelig (temperature-sensitive)
- Antonyms: temperatuuronafhankelijk (temperature-independent)
- Examples:
- "De reactie is temperatuurafhankelijk." (The reaction is temperature-dependent.)
- "De viscositeit van de olie is temperatuurafhankelijk." (The viscosity of the oil is temperature-dependent.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- computer /kɔm.ˈpʏ.tər/ - Syllable division: com-pu-ter. Similar in having consonant clusters, but shorter.
- universiteit /ˌy.ni.vər.siˈtɛit/ - Syllable division: u-ni-ver-si-teit. Longer, with more vowels, but demonstrates similar stress patterns.
- fotografie /fo.to.ɡraːˈfi/ - Syllable division: fo-to-gra-fie. Demonstrates a similar pattern of vowel-consonant alternation and stress on the penultimate syllable.
10. Syllable Analysis & Rules:
The following details the syllable breakdown, IPA transcription, and rules applied for each syllable.
- tem /tɛm/ - Closed syllable. Rule: CV-C pattern, syllable division before the consonant cluster 'mp'.
- pe /pə/ - Open syllable. Rule: CV pattern.
- ra /raː/ - Open syllable. Rule: CV pattern.
- tuur /tuːr/ - Closed syllable. Rule: CVC pattern.
- af /əf/ - Open syllable. Rule: CV pattern.
- hen /hɛŋ/ - Open syllable. Rule: CV pattern.
- ke /kə/ - Open syllable. Rule: CV pattern.
- lijk /lɛi̯k/ - Closed syllable. Rule: CVC pattern.
11. Special Considerations:
The 'af-' prefix is often treated as a separate syllable, even though it's short. The vowel lengthening in 'tuur' is a typical Dutch phenomenon.
12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Regional variations in vowel pronunciation exist, but they don't significantly alter the syllable division.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.