Hyphenation ofutenlandsopplåning
Syllable Division:
u-ten-lands-opp-lå-ning
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ˈʉːtənˌlɑːnˌdɔpːlɔːnɪŋ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
010010
Primary stress falls on the penult syllable '-lå-'. The first syllable 'u-' is unstressed, and the remaining syllables receive secondary or no stress.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial vowel.
Closed syllable, consonant cluster onset.
Closed syllable, consonant cluster onset.
Open syllable, short vowel.
Open syllable, stressed vowel.
Closed syllable, nasal consonant ending.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: uten-
Old Norse *úti* 'out, outside', functions as a prefix indicating 'foreign'.
Root: land-
Old Norse *land* 'land, country', core meaning of the word.
Suffix: opplåning
Combination of 'opp-' (intensifier) and 'låning' (borrowing), forming the action of borrowing.
Financial borrowing from foreign sources.
Translation: Foreign borrowing (financial)
Examples:
"Banken har gitt mange utanlandsopplåningar."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Compound noun structure with a similar root-like element.
Demonstrates handling of consonant clusters and compound structure.
Illustrates the use of 'lands-' as a root element.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Maximize Onset Principle
Consonant clusters are generally included in the onset of the following syllable whenever possible.
Vowel-Consonant Division
Syllables are typically divided after each vowel, unless a consonant cluster necessitates a different division.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Potential elision of 'd' in rapid speech.
Regional variations in vowel pronunciation (hard vs. soft 'g').
The word's fixed form doesn't change based on grammatical function.
Summary:
The word 'utenlandsopplåning' is a compound noun in Nynorsk, divided into six syllables: u-ten-lands-opp-lå-ning. Stress falls on the penult syllable '-lå-'. The word is formed from prefixes 'uten-' and 'opp-', the root 'land-', and the root 'låning', meaning 'borrowing'. Syllable division follows the principle of maximizing onsets and dividing after vowels.
Detailed Analysis:
Norwegian Nynorsk Word Analysis: utenlandsopplåning
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "utenlandsopplåning" is a compound noun in Norwegian Nynorsk, meaning "foreign borrowing" (financial). It's a relatively long word, typical of Germanic languages with compounding. Pronunciation involves a mix of vowel qualities and consonant clusters common in Nynorsk.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Nynorsk syllable division rules, which generally favor maximizing onsets (consonant clusters at the beginning of a syllable) and respecting vowel sequences, the division is as follows (detailed in the JSON output).
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- uten-: Prefix, meaning "without" or "foreign" (Old Norse úti "out, outside").
- land-: Root, meaning "land" or "country" (Old Norse land).
- opp-: Prefix, intensifying or indicating completion/upward movement (Old Norse upp).
- låning: Root, meaning "borrowing" (from the verb låna "to borrow").
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penult (second-to-last) syllable: -lå-.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ˈʉːtənˌlɑːnˌdɔpːlɔːnɪŋ/
6. Edge Case Review:
Nynorsk allows for both hard and soft pronunciation of 'g', and the 'd' can sometimes be elided in rapid speech. However, for a formal analysis, we maintain the full pronunciation.
7. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical function, as it's a single, inflexible form.
8. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Foreign borrowing (specifically financial).
- Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine gender).
- Translation: Foreign borrowing (financial)
- Synonyms: framandlån (Nynorsk), utanlandsk lån (Bokmål)
- Antonyms: tilbakebetaling (repayment)
- Examples: "Banken har gitt mange utanlandsopplåningar." (The bank has given many foreign borrowings.)
9. Phonological Comparison:
- heimland: (homeland) - hei-mlann. Similar structure with a compound root.
- arbeidsløyve: (work permit) - ar-bei-ds-løy-ve. Demonstrates consonant cluster handling.
- landsbygd: (rural area) - lands-bygd. Shows how 'lands-' functions as a root.
The differences lie in the specific vowel qualities and consonant clusters, but the general principle of maximizing onsets and respecting vowel sequences applies consistently.
Detailed Syllable Breakdown & Rules:
The following details are included in the JSON output. Each syllable is broken down with IPA, rule application, and potential exceptions.
- u-ten: Rule: Vowel-consonant sequence. Maximizing onset. Potential exception: rapid speech might reduce the vowel.
- lands: Rule: Vowel-consonant sequence. Maximizing onset.
- opp: Rule: Single vowel syllable.
- lå: Rule: Vowel-consonant sequence. Maximizing onset. Stressed syllable.
- ning: Rule: Vowel-consonant sequence. Maximizing onset.
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