Hyphenation ofconstitucionalizar-lhos

Linguistic Analysis of "constitucionalizar-lhos" (Portuguese)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "constitucionalizar-lhos" is a complex verb form in Portuguese, derived from the verb "constitucionalizar" (to constitutionalize) and the clitic pronouns "lhos" (to them - masculine plural). Its pronunciation involves a significant number of syllables and requires careful application of Portuguese syllabification rules.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Portuguese syllabification rules, the word is divided as follows (using only the original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: constitu- (Latin constitutus, past participle of constituere - to establish, set up). Morphological function: Forms part of the verb root.
• Root: cional (Latin ctionalis - relating to action, formation). Morphological function: Core meaning-bearing element.
• Suffix: -izar (Latin -izare - to make, to cause to be). Morphological function: Verb-forming suffix.
• Clitic Pronoun: lhos (le + os). le (to him/her/it) + os (them - masculine plural). Morphological function: Indirect and direct object pronoun.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable of the root, "ci". This is due to the general rule that words ending in a vowel, 'n', or 's' are stressed on the penultimate syllable.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/kõʃ.ti.tu.si.ɔ.na.li.ˈzaɾ.ʎɔʃ/

6. Edge Case Review:

The presence of the clitic pronoun "lhos" attached to the verb introduces a potential complexity. However, Portuguese allows for enclitic pronouns, and their syllabification is generally treated as a continuation of the verb's syllable structure. The 'lh' digraph represents a palatal lateral approximant /ʎ/.

7. Grammatical Role:

The word is a conjugated verb form (specifically, the infinitive plus a clitic pronoun). Syllabification remains consistent regardless of the specific tense or mood.

8. Definition & Semantics:

• Definition: To constitutionalize; to give a constitutional character to; to incorporate into a constitution.
• Grammatical Category: Verb (infinitive + clitic pronoun)
• Translation: To constitutionalize them.
• Synonyms: (rarely used, as it's a specific legal term) - incorporar constitucionalmente (to constitutionally incorporate)
• Antonyms: desconstitucionalizar (to deconstitutionalize)
• Examples:
  • "O governo pretendia constitucionalizar os direitos sociais." (The government intended to constitutionalize social rights.)

9. Phonological Comparison:

• hospitalizar (to hospitalize): ho-spi-ta-li-zar - Similar structure with the -izar suffix. Stress falls on the 'li' syllable.
• nacionalizar (to nationalize): na-ci-o-na-li-zar - Again, the -izar suffix. Stress falls on the 'li' syllable.
• particularizar (to particularize): par-ti-cu-la-ri-zar - Similar structure, with the -izar suffix. Stress falls on the 'cu' syllable.

The consistent stress pattern on the 'li' syllable in these words demonstrates the regular application of Portuguese stress rules with the -izar suffix. The difference in syllable division arises from the differing consonant clusters and vowel sequences in the prefixes.

10. Division Rules:

• Rule 1: Vowel-Consonant Division: Syllables are generally divided between vowels and consonants (e.g., "co-sti").
• Rule 2: Diphthong Resolution: Diphthongs (vowel combinations within a syllable) are kept together (e.g., "ci-o").
• Rule 3: Consonant Cluster Division: Consonant clusters are divided based on sonority, with less sonorous consonants typically following more sonorous ones (e.g., "na-li").
• Rule 4: Clitic Pronoun Attachment: Clitic pronouns are treated as extensions of the verb's syllable structure.

11. Special Considerations:

The 'lh' digraph is a single phoneme /ʎ/ and is treated as a unit within the syllable. The 'ç' is always followed by 'a', 'o', or 'u' and is considered part of the following syllable.

12. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exist in the realization of the vowel sounds, particularly in Brazil. However, these variations do not typically affect the syllable division.