Hyphenation ofантигосударственную
Syllable Division:
ан-ти-го-су-дар-ствен-ную
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ɐnʲtʲɪɡɐsʊˈdɐrstvʲɪnːʊjʊ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0010010
Primary stress falls on the third syllable 'го' (gosu-).
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, stressed syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable.
Closed syllable, contains a consonant cluster.
Closed syllable, contains a consonant cluster and the feminine ending.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: анти-
Greek origin, negation.
Root: государств-
Slavic origin, related to 'state'.
Suffix: -енн-ую
Slavic origin, forms a passive adjective and feminine singular ending.
Opposite to the state; not corresponding to the laws of the state.
Translation: Anti-state, unconstitutional
Examples:
"антигосударственная деятельность"
"антигосударственная пропаганда"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the root 'государств-' and similar syllable structure.
Similar syllable structure and vowel patterns.
Contains a consonant cluster similar to 'ствен-' and follows similar syllabification rules.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel-Centered Syllables
Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei.
Consonant Cluster Division
Syllable division occurs before the vowel following a consonant cluster.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables does not affect orthographic syllable division.
The long consonant 'нн' is a result of morphological doubling.
Summary:
The word 'антигосударственную' is divided into seven syllables based on vowel nuclei and consonant cluster rules. It's a complex adjective with Greek and Slavic roots, and the stress falls on the third syllable. Syllabification follows standard Russian phonological principles.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "антигосударственную" (antigсударstvennuyu)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "антигосударственную" is a complex adjective meaning "anti-state" or "unconstitutional." It's formed through extensive prefixation and suffixation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
ан-ти-го-су-дар-ствен-ную
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: анти- (anti-) - Greek origin, denotes negation or opposition.
- Root: государств- (gosudarstv-) - Slavic origin, related to "государство" (gosudarstvo - state).
- Suffix: -енн- (-enn-) - Slavic origin, forms a passive adjective.
- Suffix: -ую (-uyu) - Slavic origin, feminine singular nominative/accusative ending.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the third syllable: го-су-дар-ствен-ную.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ɐnʲtʲɪɡɐsʊˈdɐrstvʲɪnːʊjʊ/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
- ан- /ɐnʲ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No consonant clusters prevent division.
- ти- /tʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above.
- го- /ɡɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above.
- су- /sʊ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above.
- дар- /dɐr/ - Open syllable. Rule: Same as above.
- ствен- /stvʲɪnː/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster "ств" allows syllable division before the vowel. The long "н" is a result of progressive assimilation.
- ную /nːʊjʊ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant cluster "н" allows syllable division before the vowel.
7. Edge Case Review:
The long consonant "нн" in "ственную" is a result of morphological processes (doubling of consonants in certain suffixes) and is a standard feature of Russian morphology.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function (e.g., modifying a noun).
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Противоположный государству; не соответствующий законам государства (Opposite to the state; not corresponding to the laws of the state).
- Translation: Anti-state, unconstitutional.
- Grammatical Category: Adjective (прилагательное).
- Synonyms: неконституционный (nekonstitutsionnyy - unconstitutional), незаконный (nezakonnyy - illegal).
- Antonyms: государственный (gosudarstvennyy - state), законный (zakonnyy - legal).
- Examples: "антигосударственная деятельность" (antigсударstvennaya deyatel'nost' - anti-state activity), "антигосударственная пропаганда" (antigсударstvennaya propaganda - anti-state propaganda).
10. Phonological Comparison:
- государство (gosudarstvo): го-су-дар-ство - Similar syllable structure, stress on the third syllable.
- конституция (konstitutsiya): кон-сти-ту-ция - Similar syllable structure, though with different vowel qualities.
- ответственность (otvetstvennost'): от-вет-ствен-ность - Similar syllable structure with a consonant cluster, stress on the third syllable.
The differences in syllable division arise from the varying vowel and consonant combinations within each word, but the underlying principles of vowel-centered syllables and consonant cluster handling remain consistent.
11. Special Considerations:
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor in Russian pronunciation, but it doesn't affect the orthographic syllable division.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.