Hyphenation ofгидрокопировальному

Linguistic Analysis of "гидрокопировальному" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "гидрокопировальному" is a relatively complex Russian adjective in the dative singular form. It's derived from a verb related to hydrocopying. Pronunciation involves a mix of voiced and voiceless consonants, vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, and palatalization.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: гидро- (hydro-) - From Greek "hydor" (water). Denotes relating to water.
• Root: копирова- (kopirova-) - From Greek "kopia" (labor, effort) via Latin "copia" (abundance, supply) and ultimately into Russian. Indicates copying or reproduction.
• Suffix: -льному (-nomu) - A suffix indicating the dative singular case and adjectival form.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: ги-дро-ко-пи-ро́-ва-ль-но-му.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/ɡʲɪˈdro kɐpʲɪrɐˈvalʲnəmʊ/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• ги /ɡʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. The 'г' is palatalized due to the following 'и'. Exception: Palatalization can be context-dependent.
• дро /dro/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel nuclei create syllable boundaries.
• ко /kɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel nuclei create syllable boundaries. Vowel reduction occurs here as it is unstressed.
• пи /pʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel nuclei create syllable boundaries. 'п' is palatalized due to the following 'и'.
• ро́ /rɐ́/ - Closed syllable (stressed). Rule: Syllable closure occurs with a consonant. Stress causes vowel lengthening and clarity.
• ва /vɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel nuclei create syllable boundaries. Vowel reduction occurs here as it is unstressed.
• ль /lʲ/ - Syllabic consonant. Rule: 'ль' functions as a syllable nucleus in Russian. Palatalization of 'л'.
• но /nɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel nuclei create syllable boundaries. Vowel reduction occurs here as it is unstressed.
• му /mʊ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable closure occurs with a consonant. Vowel reduction occurs here as it is unstressed.

7. Edge Case Review:

Russian syllabification generally avoids breaking consonant clusters. This word doesn't present significant edge cases in that regard. Vowel reduction is a key feature, and the transcription reflects this.

8. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of whether the word is used in isolation or within a sentence.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: гидрокопировальному
• Translation: to/for hydrocopying (adjective, dative singular)
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Definitions: Relating to the process of hydrocopying; used in connection with hydrocopying.
• Synonyms: (related to copying) - копировальному (kopiroval'nomu - to/for copying)
• Antonyms: (difficult to find a direct antonym, as it's a process-related adjective)
• Examples: "Применяется гидрокопировальному процессу." (Primenyaetsya gidrokopiroval'nomu protsessu - It is applied to the hydrocopying process.)

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

Regional variations in vowel reduction might exist, but the core syllabification remains consistent. Some speakers might slightly alter the degree of palatalization.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• автомобильному (avtomobil'nomu): /ɐftəmɐˈbʲilʲnəmʊ/ - Syllable division: а-вто-мо-би́ль-но-му. Similar structure with consonant clusters and vowel reduction.
• электромагнитному (elektromagnitnomu): /ɪlʲɪktramɐˈɡʲnitnəmʊ/ - Syllable division: э-лек-тро-маг-ни́т-но-му. Similar in length and complexity, with multiple syllables and vowel reduction.
• фотокопировальному (fotokopiroval'nomu): /fɐtəˌkɔpʲɪrɐˈvalʲnəmʊ/ - Syllable division: фо-то-ко-пи-ро-ва́ль-но-му. Similar prefix structure and suffix, demonstrating consistent syllabification patterns.