Hyphenation ofнедисциплинированная
Syllable Division:
не-дис-ци-пли-ни-ро-ван-на-я
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/nʲɪdʲɪsʦɨˈplʲɪnʲɪrəvənːəjə/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
000010000
Primary stress falls on the fifth syllable ('ни').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Closed syllable.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open, stressed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Closed syllable, lengthened consonant.
Open syllable, vowel reduction.
Open syllable, final syllable.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: не-
Slavic origin, negative prefix.
Root: дисциплин-
Latin origin (disciplina), meaning 'discipline'.
Suffix: -ированн-ая
Forming a passive participle, derived from French and Russian morphology.
Not disciplined, undisciplined.
Translation: Undisciplined
Examples:
"Недисциплинированная ученица нарушила правила."
"Он был недисциплинированным солдатом."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the root 'дисциплин-' and similar syllable structure.
Shares the negative prefix 'не-' and exhibits similar vowel reduction.
Shares the '-ованн-' suffix and demonstrates similar vowel reduction patterns.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Sonority Sequencing Principle
Consonant clusters are broken to maximize sonority.
Vowel-Centric Syllabification
Each syllable generally contains a vowel.
Russian Syllable Structure
Syllables are typically open or closed.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
Palatalization of consonants before 'и' and 'е'.
Lengthening of the double 'н' in 'ван'.
Summary:
The word 'недисциплинированная' is divided into nine syllables, with stress on the fifth syllable ('ни'). It's morphologically complex, consisting of a negative prefix, a Latin-derived root, and several suffixes. Syllabification follows standard Russian rules, considering sonority, vowel centrality, and palatalization.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "недисциплинированная" (nedisciplinirovannaya)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "недисциплинированная" is a feminine singular past active participle of the verb "недисциплинировать" (nedisciplinirovat') meaning "to undiscipline". It's a relatively long word, built upon a negative prefix, a Latin-derived root, and several suffixes. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
не-дис-ци-пли-ни-ро-ван-на-я
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: не- (ne-) - Negative prefix, of Slavic origin, indicating negation.
- Root: дисциплин- (disciplin-) - Derived from the Latin "disciplina" meaning "teaching, learning, discipline".
- Suffixes:
- -ированн- (-irovann-) - Suffix forming a passive participle, derived from the French "-é".
- -ая (-aya) - Feminine singular ending for past active participles.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: ни.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/nʲɪdʲɪsʦɨˈplʲɪnʲɪrəvənːəjə/
6. Syllable List with IPA and Rule Explanations:
- не- /nʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant followed by a vowel. Potential exception: Palatalization of 'н' due to following 'е'.
- дис- /dʲɪs/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable ends with a consonant. Potential exception: Palatalization of 'д' due to following 'и'.
- ци- /ʦɨ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable ends with a consonant.
- пли- /plʲɪ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable ends with a consonant. Palatalization of 'п' due to following 'и'.
- ни- /nʲɪ/ - Open syllable, stressed. Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant followed by a vowel. Palatalization of 'н' due to following 'и'.
- ро- /rə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant followed by a vowel. Vowel reduction.
- ван- /vən/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable ends with a consonant.
- на- /nə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable starts with a consonant followed by a vowel. Vowel reduction.
- я /jə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable starts with a vowel.
7. Syllable Division Rules Applied:
- Sonority Sequencing Principle: Consonant clusters are broken in a way that maximizes sonority.
- Vowel-Centric Syllabification: Each syllable generally contains a vowel.
- Russian Syllable Structure: Russian syllables are typically open (ending in a vowel) or closed (ending in a consonant).
8. Exceptions & Special Cases:
- Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor.
- Palatalization of consonants before 'и' and 'е' affects pronunciation and can influence syllable boundaries.
- The double 'н' in "ван" is pronounced as a single lengthened consonant /nː/.
9. Grammatical Role & Syllabification Shifts:
The word is primarily an adjective. While it's derived from a verb, its syllabification doesn't change based on grammatical function.
10. Alternative Pronunciations & Regional Variations:
Regional variations in vowel reduction might exist, but the core syllabification remains consistent.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- дисциплина (disciplina): дис-ци-пли-на /dʲɪsʦɨˈplʲɪnə/ - Similar syllable structure, demonstrating the consistent application of rules to Latin-derived roots.
- невозможность (nevözmozhnost'): не-воз-мож-ность /nʲɪvɐˈzmoʐnəsʲtʲ/ - Shares the negative prefix "не-" and exhibits similar vowel reduction patterns.
- организованная (organizovannaya): ор-га-ни-зо-ван-на-я /ɐrɡənʲɪˈzəvənːəjə/ - Demonstrates the consistent application of the "-ованн-" suffix and vowel reduction.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.