Hyphenation ofэлектрокардиограммой
Syllable Division:
э-лек-тро-кар-ди-о-грам-мой
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ɪlʲɪktraˌkardʲɪˈɡramːəj/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
0 1 1 1 1 1 1
Primary stress falls on the third syllable ('кар').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial vowel reduction.
Open syllable, stressed.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, stressed.
Closed syllable.
Closed syllable, vowel reduction.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: элек-
From Greek 'elektron' via 'электричество' (electricity). Denotes electrical activity.
Root: кардио-
From Greek 'kardia' (heart). Relates to the heart.
Suffix: -грам-
From Greek 'gramma' (letter, record). Indicates a recording.
A recording of the electrical activity of the heart.
Translation: Electrocardiogram
Examples:
"Врач сделал электрокардиограмму."
"На электрокардиограмме были видны отклонения."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar alternating vowel-consonant structure.
Demonstrates consonant clusters and vowel reduction.
Shares Greek-derived roots and suffixes.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel Division
Syllable division generally occurs before a vowel.
Consonant Cluster Division
Syllable division before a consonant if it cannot begin a syllable.
Palatalization Influence
Palatalization of consonants affects syllable structure and pronunciation.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
Potential regional variations in pronunciation.
Influence of palatalization on syllable boundaries.
Summary:
The word 'электрокардиограммой' is a complex Russian noun with seven syllables, divided based on vowel and consonant sequences. Stress falls on the third syllable. It's formed from Greek roots and suffixes, denoting an electrocardiogram. Syllabification follows standard Russian rules, with considerations for vowel reduction and palatalization.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "электрокардиограммой" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "электрокардиограммой" (elektrokardiogrammoy) is a complex noun denoting an electrocardiogram. Its pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: элек- (elek-) - From "электричество" (elektrichestvo - electricity), ultimately from Greek "elektron" (amber). Function: Denotes electrical activity.
- Root: кардио- (kardio-) - From Greek "kardia" (heart). Function: Relates to the heart.
- Suffix: -грам- (-gram-) - From Greek "gramma" (letter, record). Function: Indicates a recording or tracing.
- Suffix: -ой (-oy) - Instrumental singular case ending for feminine nouns. Function: Grammatical case marker.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the third syllable: э-лек-тро-кар-ди-о-грам-мой.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ɪlʲɪktraˌkardʲɪˈɡramːəj/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
- элек- (elek-): /ɪlʲɪk/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division generally occurs before a vowel. Exception: The initial vowel 'э' is often reduced to /ɪ/ in unstressed positions.
- тро- (tro-): /ˈtro/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel.
- кар- (kar-): /ˈkardʲ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a consonant if it cannot begin a syllable. The palatalization of 'р' influences the syllable structure.
- ди- (di-): /dʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel.
- о- (o-): /ˈo/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel.
- грам- (gram-): /ɡram/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a consonant.
- мой (moy): /mɐj/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a consonant. The 'о' is reduced to /ɐ/ in an unstressed position.
7. Edge Case Review:
Russian allows for some flexibility in syllabification, particularly with consonant clusters. However, the above division adheres to the most common and accepted rules. The palatalization of consonants (like 'д' and 'р') influences the syllable structure, creating a more complex phonetic realization.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: электрокардиограмма (elektrokardiogramma)
- Grammatical Category: Noun (feminine, singular)
- Translation: Electrocardiogram
- Synonyms: ЭКГ (EKG - abbreviation)
- Antonyms: None directly applicable.
- Examples:
- "Врач сделал электрокардиограмму." (The doctor took an electrocardiogram.)
- "На электрокардиограмме были видны отклонения." (The electrocardiogram showed abnormalities.)
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed above, some regional variations might exist in vowel reduction or the degree of palatalization. However, these variations generally do not affect the core syllabification.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- телевизор (televizor): те-ле-ви-зор - Similar syllable structure with alternating vowels and consonants.
- компьютер (komp'yuter): ком-пью-тер - Demonstrates consonant clusters and vowel reduction.
- фотография (fotografiya): фо-то-гра-фи-я - Shows a similar pattern of Greek-derived roots and suffixes.
The differences in syllable division arise from the specific consonant and vowel sequences in each word. "электрокардиограммой" has a more complex structure due to the initial consonant cluster and the palatalized consonants.
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