Hyphenation ofвысокоперспективным
Syllable Division:
вы-со-ко-пер-спек-ти-в-н-ым
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/vɨsɐˈkɐpʲɪrˈspʲɛktʲɪvʲnɨm/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
000101001
Primary stress falls on the sixth syllable (ти́), making it the penultimate stressed syllable.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, unstressed.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Closed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Single consonant syllable.
Single consonant syllable.
Closed syllable, final syllable, inflectional ending.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: вы-
Proto-Slavic origin, intensifying prefix.
Root: сок-
Proto-Slavic origin, related to potential.
Suffix: -о-перспектив-н-ым
Combination of linking vowel, Latin-derived stem, participial suffix, and inflectional ending.
Having a high probability of success or positive outcome.
Translation: Highly promising
Examples:
"Это высокоперспективный проект."
"Он - высокоперспективный ученый."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Similar alternating consonant-vowel structure.
Similar alternating consonant-vowel structure.
Similar alternating consonant-vowel structure.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Sonority Sequencing Principle
Syllables are formed to maximize sonority, generally alternating between consonants and vowels.
Avoidance of Initial Consonant Clusters
Russian generally avoids starting a syllable with a consonant cluster, unless it's a borrowed element.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor in pronunciation.
Palatalization of consonants before front vowels (е, и, ю, я) influences syllable structure.
The borrowed element 'перспектив' introduces a more complex consonant cluster, but it's still treated as a single unit within the syllable.
Summary:
The word 'высокоперспективным' is a complex Russian adjective syllabified based on the sonority sequencing principle, with stress on the penultimate syllable. It consists of a prefix, root, and multiple suffixes, including a Latin-derived stem. Vowel reduction and consonant palatalization are key phonological features.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "высокоперспективным" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "высокоперспективным" (vysokoperspektivnym) is a Russian adjective meaning "highly promising" or "with high prospects." It's a relatively long word with a complex morphological structure. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian phonology.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word is divided as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: вы- (vy-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Prefix indicating direction 'out', 'up', or intensification.
- Root: сок- (sok-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Root relating to 'juice', 'sap', but in this context, through a derivative, relates to 'potential' or 'possibility'.
- Suffix: -о- ( -o-) - Origin: Russian. Function: Linking vowel.
- Suffix: -перспектив- (-perspektiv-) - Origin: Latin perspectivus (through French/German). Function: Forms the adjective stem, meaning 'perspective', 'outlook'.
- Suffix: -н- (-n-) - Origin: Russian. Function: Participial suffix, forming the passive adjective.
- Suffix: -ым (-ym) - Origin: Russian. Function: Adjectival inflectional ending, indicating masculine singular instrumental/locative case or neuter singular nominative/accusative case.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: вы-со-ко-пер-спек-ти́в-ным.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/vɨsɐˈkɐpʲɪrˈspʲɛktʲɪvʲnɨm/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Rule Explanation | Potential Exceptions |
|---|---|---|---|
| вы | /vɨ/ | Open syllable. Vowel followed by a glide. | None |
| со | /sɐ/ | Open syllable. Vowel followed by a consonant. | Vowel reduction possible in unstressed position. |
| ко | /kɐ/ | Open syllable. Vowel followed by a consonant. | Vowel reduction possible in unstressed position. |
| пер | /pʲɪr/ | Open syllable. Vowel followed by a consonant. Palatalization of 'p' due to following 'е'. | None |
| спек | /spʲɛk/ | Closed syllable. Consonant cluster followed by a vowel. Palatalization of 'с' due to following 'е'. | None |
| ти | /tʲɪ/ | Open syllable. Vowel followed by a consonant. Palatalization of 'т' due to following 'и'. | None |
| в | /v/ | Syllable consisting of a single consonant. | None |
| н | /n/ | Syllable consisting of a single consonant. | None |
| ым | /ɨm/ | Closed syllable. Vowel followed by a consonant. | Vowel reduction possible in unstressed position. |
7. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification generally avoids breaking consonant clusters unless they are non-native or exceptionally long. The "перспектив" portion is a borrowed element, but the cluster is still treated as a single unit within the syllable.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical function within a sentence (e.g., modifying a noun).
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: высокоперспективным (vysokoperspektivnym)
- Translation: Highly promising, with high prospects.
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Synonyms: перспективным (perspektivnym - promising), многообещающим (mnogoobeshchayushchim - promising)
- Antonyms: бесперспективным (besperspektivnym - unpromising), неудачным (neudachnym - unsuccessful)
- Examples:
- "Это очень высокоперспективный проект." (Eto ochen' vysokoperspektivnyy proyekt.) - "This is a very promising project."
- "Он показал себя как высокоперспективный специалист." (On pokazal sebya kak vysokoperspektivnyy spetsialist.) - "He proved himself to be a highly promising specialist."
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization. However, these variations generally do not affect the core syllabification.
11. Phonological Comparison:
| Word | Syllables | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| университет (universitet) | у-ни-ве-р-си-те́т | Similar syllable structure with alternating consonant-vowel patterns. Stress on the penultimate syllable. |
| фотография (fotografiya) | фо-то-гра́-фи-я | Similar syllable structure with alternating consonant-vowel patterns. Stress on the third syllable. |
| возможность (vozmozhnost') | воз-мож-но́сть | Similar syllable structure with alternating consonant-vowel patterns. Stress on the second syllable. |
The syllable division in "высокоперспективным" follows the same principles of maximizing consonant-vowel alternation as these other words. The presence of the borrowed element "перспектив" doesn't fundamentally alter the syllabification process, although it introduces a more complex consonant cluster.
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