Hyphenation ofгидроэлектрическому
Syllable Division:
ги-дро-э-лек-три-че-ско-му
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/ɡʲɪdrɐɛlʲɪktʁɪˈt͡ɕeskəmʊ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00000010
Primary stress falls on the syllable '-ско-' (ско). This is typical for adjectives of this type.
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable, consonant cluster at the beginning.
Open syllable, single vowel.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, affricate consonant.
Closed syllable, stressed syllable.
Open syllable, final syllable, vowel reduction.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: гидро-
From Greek 'hydor' (water), denotes relation to water.
Root: электр-
From Greek 'elektron' (amber), relates to electricity.
Suffix: -ому
Dative/Locative singular masculine ending.
Относящийся к электричеству, производимому с помощью энергии воды.
Translation: Hydroelectric
Examples:
"Гидроэлектрическая станция"
"Гидроэлектрическому производству требуется модернизация."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the root 'электр-' and similar syllable structure.
Shares the root 'электр-' and similar syllable structure.
Shares the prefix 'гидро-' and similar open syllable structure.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel Nucleus Rule
Each syllable contains a vowel nucleus.
Consonant Cluster Rule
Consonant clusters are generally broken after the first consonant if a vowel follows.
Open/Closed Syllable Rule
Syllables are classified as open (ending in a vowel) or closed (ending in a consonant).
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a common feature of Russian pronunciation.
The syllabification follows standard Russian phonological rules, with no significant exceptions in this case.
Summary:
The word 'гидроэлектрическому' is an adjective meaning 'hydroelectric'. It is divided into eight syllables: ги-дро-э-лек-три-че-ско-му. The stress falls on the seventh syllable '-ско-'. The word is morphologically complex, consisting of a Greek-derived prefix 'гидро-', a Greek-derived root 'электр-', and Slavic-derived suffixes. Syllabification follows standard Russian rules based on vowel nuclei and consonant clusters.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "гидроэлектрическому" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "гидроэлектрическому" is a masculine singular dative/locative adjective meaning "to/at hydroelectric". It's a complex word formed through compounding and inflection. Pronunciation involves a mix of consonant clusters and vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
ги-дро-э-лек-три-че-ско-му
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: гидро- (hydro-) - From Greek "hydor" (water). Denotes relation to water.
- Root: электр- (electr-) - From Greek "elektron" (amber, source of static electricity). Relates to electricity.
- Suffix: -ическ- ( -ichesk-) - A suffix forming adjectives from nouns, often denoting belonging or characteristic. Origin: Slavic.
- Suffix: -ому ( -omu) - Dative/Locative singular masculine ending. Indicates the case and gender. Origin: Slavic.
4. Stress Identification:
The stress falls on the syllable "-ско-" (ско).
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/ɡʲɪdrɐɛlʲɪktʁɪˈt͡ɕeskəmʊ/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
- ги- /ɡʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around a vowel nucleus. No consonant clusters break the syllable.
- дро- /drɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken after the first consonant if a vowel follows.
- э- /ɛ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Single vowel constitutes a syllable.
- лек- /lʲɪk/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel nucleus followed by consonants.
- три- /trʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel nucleus preceded by consonant cluster.
- че- /t͡ɕe/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel nucleus preceded by consonant.
- ско- /skɔ/ - Closed syllable (stressed). Rule: Vowel nucleus followed by consonant cluster. Stress influences vowel quality.
- му /mʊ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Vowel nucleus preceded by consonant. Vowel reduction occurs in unstressed syllables.
7. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification allows for some flexibility, especially with consonant clusters. However, the above division is the most common and phonologically justifiable.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of whether it's used attributively or predicatively.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Definition: Относящийся к электричеству, производимому с помощью энергии воды. (Relating to electricity produced by the energy of water.)
- Translation: Hydroelectric (adjective)
- Grammatical Category: Adjective (прилагательное)
- Synonyms: Водоэлектрический (vodoélektricheskiy)
- Antonyms: Термоэлектрический (termoélektricheskiy - thermoelectric)
- Examples:
- Гидроэлектрическая станция (Hydroelectric power station)
- Гидроэлектрическому производству требуется модернизация. (The hydroelectric production requires modernization.)
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
Minor regional variations in vowel reduction might occur, but the core syllabification remains consistent.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- электричество (elektrichestvo - electricity): э-лек-три-че-ст-во. Similar syllable structure, stress on "-три-".
- электрический (elektricheskiy - electric): э-лек-три-че-ск-ий. Similar syllable structure, stress on "-три-".
- гидрология (gidrologiya - hydrology): ги-дро-ло-ги-я. Similar prefix "гидро-", open syllable structure.
The consistency in syllable division across these words demonstrates the application of the same phonological rules. The presence of consonant clusters and vowel reduction are common features.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.