Hyphenation ofдеквалифицированный
Syllable Division:
де-квали-фи-ци-ро-ван-ный
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/dʲɪk‿vɐlʲɪfʲɪˈtsʲirəvənːɨj/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00001001
Primary stress falls on the fifth syllable (ци), indicated by '1'. All other syllables are unstressed ('0').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, initial syllable.
Open syllable.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open, stressed syllable, palatalized consonant.
Open syllable.
Closed syllable, long consonant.
Closed syllable, long consonant.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: де-
Latin via German, negating prefix
Root: квалифицирова-
Latin 'qualificare', meaning 'to qualify'
Suffix: -нн-ый
Slavic, forms passive participle and adjectival ending
Having lost skill or qualification; unqualified.
Translation: Deskilled, unqualified
Examples:
"Он был признан деквалифицированным специалистом."
"Деквалифицированный рабочий не смог найти новую работу."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the root 'квали-' and similar syllable structure.
Shares the root 'квали-' and similar syllable structure.
Shares the root 'квали-' and similar syllable structure.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Open Syllable Principle
Syllable division generally occurs before a vowel, creating open syllables whenever possible.
Consonant Cluster Division
Consonant clusters are broken before vowels, adhering to the sonority hierarchy.
Palatalization
Consonants are palatalized before vowels /i/ and /e/, influencing pronunciation and potentially syllable boundaries.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The doubled 'н' in the suffixes '-нн-' and '-ый' creates a long consonant sound, which is maintained in the phonetic transcription.
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a common feature of Russian phonology and affects the pronunciation of vowels in certain syllables.
Summary:
The word 'деквалифицированный' is divided into eight syllables based on the open syllable principle and consonant cluster division rules. The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable. It's a passive participle adjective meaning 'deskilled' or 'unqualified', formed from a Latin-derived root with Slavic suffixes.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "деквалифицированный" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "деквалифицированный" (dekvalifitsirovannyj) is a passive participle adjective meaning "deskilled" or "unqualified." It's a relatively long word formed through a series of prefixation and suffixation processes. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian phonology.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize the open syllable principle (preferring syllables ending in vowels), and considering the sonority hierarchy, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: де- (de-) - Origin: Latin via German. Function: Reversal or negation.
- Root: квалифицирова- (kvalifitsirova-) - Origin: Latin "qualificare" (to qualify). Function: Indicates the concept of qualification or skill.
- Suffix: -нн- (-nn-) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Forms the passive participle.
- Suffix: -ый (-yj) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Adjectival ending, indicating masculine singular form.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: де-квали-фи-ци-ро́-ванный.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/dʲɪk‿vɐlʲɪfʲɪˈtsʲirəvənːɨj/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
- де (de): /dʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division occurs before a vowel. Exception: Palatalization of /d/ due to following /e/.
- ква (kva): /k‿vɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel.
- ли (li): /lʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. Exception: Palatalization of /l/ due to following /i/.
- фи (fi): /fʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. Exception: Palatalization of /f/ due to following /i/.
- ци (tsi): /tsʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel. Exception: Palatalization of /ts/ due to following /i/. This syllable is stressed.
- ро (ro): /rɐ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllable division before a vowel.
- ван (van): /vɐnː/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken before vowels. The doubled 'н' creates a long consonant.
- ный (nyj): /nːɨj/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are generally broken before vowels. The doubled 'н' creates a long consonant.
7. Edge Case Review:
The doubled 'н' in the suffixes '-нн-' and '-ый' is a common feature in Russian passive participles and requires careful consideration. The long consonant sound is maintained in the phonetic transcription.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word primarily functions as an adjective. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of its grammatical role within a sentence.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: деквалифицированный (dekvalifitsirovannyj)
- Translation: Deskilled, unqualified
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Synonyms: неквалифицированный (nekvalifitsirovannyj - unqualified), потерявший квалификацию (poteryavshij kvalifikatsiyu - having lost qualification)
- Antonyms: квалифицированный (kvalifitsirovannyj - qualified)
- Examples:
- "Он был признан деквалифицированным специалистом." (On byl priznan dekvalifitsirovannym spetsialistom.) - He was recognized as a deskilled specialist.
- "Деквалифицированный рабочий не смог найти новую работу." (Dekvalifitsirovannyj rabochij ne smog najti novuyu rabotu.) - The deskilled worker couldn't find a new job.
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed above, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or consonant palatalization. However, these variations generally do not affect the core syllable division.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- квалификация (kvalifikatsiya): к-ва-ли-фи-ка-ци-я. Similar syllable structure, stress on the fifth syllable.
- дисквалификация (diskvalifikatsiya): дис-квали-фи-ка-ци-я. Similar syllable structure, stress on the fifth syllable.
- квалифицированный (kvalifitsirovannyj): к-ва-ли-фи-ци-ро-ван-ный. Similar syllable structure, stress on the fifth syllable.
The consistency in syllable division across these words demonstrates the application of the open syllable principle and the consistent handling of consonant clusters in Russian. The stress pattern also remains consistent, highlighting the morphological influence on stress placement.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.