Hyphenation ofпереосвидетельствование
Syllable Division:
пе-ре-о-с-ви-де-тель-ство-ва-ни-е
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/pʲɪrʲɪɐˈsvʲɪdʲɪtʲɪlʲstvəˈvanʲɪjɪ/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00001000001
Primary stress falls on the fifth syllable (ви́), indicated by '1'. All other syllables are unstressed ('0').
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, onset consonant /pʲ/, rime vowel /ɪ/.
Open syllable, onset consonant /rʲ/, rime vowel /ɪ/.
Open syllable, single vowel /ɔ/.
Open syllable, single consonant /s/.
Open syllable, onset consonant /vʲ/, rime vowel /ɪ/.
Open syllable, onset consonant /dʲ/, rime vowel /ɪ/.
Open syllable, onset consonant /tʲ/, rime vowel /ɪ/ and consonant /lʲ/.
Open syllable, consonant cluster /st/ onset, rime vowel /ə/.
Open syllable, onset consonant /v/, rime vowel /ə/.
Open syllable, onset consonant /nʲ/, rime vowel /ɪ/.
Open syllable, single vowel /jɪ/.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: пере-
Proto-Slavic origin, indicates repetition or change of state.
Root: свидетельство-
Slavic origin, relates to evidence, testimony, or certification.
Suffix: -ование
Slavic origin, forms a verbal noun (process noun).
The act of re-certification or re-examination.
Translation: Re-certification, re-examination, re-attestation.
Examples:
"Прохождение переосвидетельствования необходимо для продления лицензии."
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the root 'свидетельство-', demonstrating consistent syllabification of the core morpheme.
Similar structure with the addition of a prefix, showing how prefixes are integrated into the syllabic structure.
Contains similar consonant clusters and vowel patterns, illustrating the general rules of Russian syllabification.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Onset-Rime
Syllables are formed based on the onset (initial consonant(s)) and rime (vowel and any following consonants).
Vowel as Syllable Nucleus
Each syllable must contain a vowel, which serves as the nucleus.
Consonant Clusters
Russian generally avoids breaking consonant clusters unless a vowel is inserted.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
Palatalization of consonants before /ɪ/ is a consistent feature influencing pronunciation but not syllabification.
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is common but doesn't affect the syllabic division.
Summary:
The word 'переосвидетельствование' is a complex noun with 11 syllables, divided according to Russian onset-rime principles. The stress falls on the fifth syllable. It consists of the prefix 'пере-', the root 'свидетельство-', and the suffix '-ование'. Syllabification follows standard rules, with considerations for consonant clusters and vowel reduction.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "переосвидетельствование" (Russian)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "переосвидетельствование" (pereosvidetel'stvovanie) is a complex noun denoting the act of re-certification or re-examination. Its pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions typical of Russian.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: пере- (pere-) - Origin: Proto-Slavic. Function: Indicates repetition or change of state ("re-").
- Root: свидетельство- (svidetel'stvo-) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Relates to evidence, testimony, or certification. Derived from "свидетель" (svidetel') - witness.
- Suffix: -ование (-ovanie) - Origin: Slavic. Function: Forms a verbal noun (process noun) indicating an action or state.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the fifth syllable: пе-ре-о-с-ви́-де-тель-ство-ва-ни-е.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/pʲɪrʲɪɐˈsvʲɪdʲɪtʲɪlʲstvəˈvanʲɪjɪ/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
| Syllable | IPA Transcription | Rule Application | Exceptions/Special Cases |
|---|---|---|---|
| пе- | /pʲɪ/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant + vowel. Russian allows for syllable onset clusters. | Palatalization of /p/ due to following /ɪ/. |
| ре- | /rʲɪ/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant + vowel. | Palatalization of /r/ due to following /ɪ/. |
| о- | /ɔ/ | Single vowel constitutes a syllable. | Vowel reduction in unstressed position. |
| с- | /s/ | Single consonant can form a syllable, especially before a vowel. | |
| ви- | /vʲɪ/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant + vowel. | Palatalization of /v/ due to following /ɪ/. |
| де- | /dʲɪ/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant + vowel. | Palatalization of /d/ due to following /ɪ/. |
| тель- | /tʲɪlʲ/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant + vowel. | Palatalization of /t/ due to following /ɪ/. |
| ство- | /stvə/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant cluster + vowel. | |
| ва- | /və/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant + vowel. | Vowel reduction in unstressed position. |
| ни- | /nʲɪ/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant + vowel. | Palatalization of /n/ due to following /ɪ/. |
| е- | /jɪ/ | Single vowel constitutes a syllable. | Vowel reduction in unstressed position. |
7. Edge Case Review:
Russian syllabification generally avoids breaking consonant clusters, unless a vowel is inserted (which doesn't happen here). The palatalization of consonants before /ɪ/ is a consistent feature.
8. Grammatical Role:
The word is primarily a noun. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical function (e.g., in oblique cases).
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: переосвидетельствование (pereosvidetel'stvovanie)
- Translation: Re-certification, re-examination, re-attestation.
- Part of Speech: Noun (neuter)
- Synonyms: повторная аттестация (povtornaya attestatsiya) - repeated attestation.
- Antonyms: первичное свидетельствование (pervichnoe svidetel'stvovanie) - initial certification.
- Examples:
- "Прохождение переосвидетельствования необходимо для продления лицензии." (Prokhozhdenie pereosvidetel'stvovaniya neobkhodimo dlya prodleniya litsenzii.) - "Passing re-certification is necessary to extend the license."
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or consonant softening. However, these variations generally don't affect the core syllabification.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- свидетельство (svidetel'stvo): с-ви-де-тель-ство. Similar structure, demonstrating the consistent application of onset-rime syllabification.
- освидетельствование (osvidetel'stvovanie): о-с-ви-де-тель-ство-ва-ни-е. Adding the prefix "о-" doesn't alter the syllabification of the root.
- удостоверение (udostovereniye): у-до-сто-ве-ре-ни-е. Similar consonant clusters and vowel patterns, showing consistent syllabic division.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.