Hyphenation ofпроизводственно-экономический
Syllable Division:
про-из-вод-ст-вен-но-э-ко-но-ми-че-ский
Phonetic Transcription:(how the word sounds using IPA symbols)
/prɐˈzʲvɔdʲst͡vʲɪnːə ˈɛkənəmʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪj/
Stress Pattern:(which syllables are emphasized when speaking)
00100010001
Primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable 'ико' (iko) in 'экономический' (ekonomicheskiy).
Syllables are the building blocks of words - each one typically contains a vowel sound
Open syllable, onset consonant cluster.
Open syllable, onset consonant cluster.
Closed syllable, onset consonant.
Open syllable, onset consonant cluster.
Closed syllable, onset palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, onset consonant, unstressed vowel.
Open syllable, single vowel.
Open syllable, onset consonant.
Open syllable, onset consonant, unstressed vowel.
Closed syllable, onset palatalized consonant.
Open syllable, onset affricate.
Closed syllable, onset consonant cluster, palatalized consonant.
Morphemes are the smallest meaningful parts of words: prefixes (beginning), roots (core meaning), and suffixes (ending)
Prefix: производств-
Derived from 'производство' (production), Slavic origin, denotes relation to production.
Root: экономич-
From 'экономия' (economy), Greek origin, relates to economic principles.
Suffix: -еский
Adjectival suffix, Slavic origin, forms a qualitative adjective.
Relating to both production and economics; concerning the economic aspects of production.
Translation: Productive-economic
Examples:
"производственно-экономические показатели"
"производственно-экономическая деятельность"
Words with similar syllable patterns or pronunciation features
Shares the same root and adjectival suffix, similar syllable structure.
Shares the same adjectival suffix and stress pattern.
Similar syllable structure and adjectival suffix.
The linguistic principles used to determine where syllables begin and end
Vowel Placement
Syllables are generally divided around vowels. Each vowel typically forms the nucleus of a syllable.
Consonant Clusters
Consonant clusters are often split based on sonority, with more sonorous sounds tending to belong to the following syllable.
Palatalization
Palatalized consonants influence syllable boundaries, often creating distinct syllable divisions.
Important exceptions or unusual features in this word's pronunciation or structure
The interfix '-енн-' is treated as a single unit within the adjective formation process.
Vowel reduction in unstressed syllables is a significant factor in pronunciation but doesn't alter the syllabification.
Summary:
The word 'производственно-экономический' is a complex adjective syllabified based on vowel placement and consonant cluster rules. It consists of a prefix, root, interfix, and suffix, with primary stress on the penultimate syllable. The IPA transcription reflects vowel reduction in unstressed positions.
Detailed Analysis:
Linguistic Analysis of "производственно-экономический" (proizvodstvenno-ekonomicheskiy)
1. Examination & Pronunciation:
The word "производственно-экономический" is a complex adjective in Russian, meaning "productive-economic" or "production-economic". It's formed by compounding and derivation. Pronunciation involves careful attention to vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, a common feature of Russian phonology.
2. Syllable Division:
Following Russian syllabification rules, which prioritize vowel placement and consonant clusters, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):
3. Morphemic Analysis:
- Prefix: производств- (proizvodstv-) - Derived from "производство" (proizvodstvo - production). Origin: Slavic. Function: Denotes relation to production.
- Interfix: -енн- (-enn-) - A common interfix in Russian adjectives formed from nouns, linking the root to the suffix. Origin: Slavic. Function: Forms the adjective.
- Root: -экономич- (-ekonomich-) - From "экономия" (ekonomiya - economy). Origin: Greek (οἰκονομία). Function: Relates to economic principles.
- Suffix: -еский (-eskiy) - Adjectival suffix. Origin: Slavic. Function: Forms a qualitative adjective.
4. Stress Identification:
The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: ико-но́-ми-че-ский.
5. Phonetic Transcription:
/prɐˈzʲvɔdʲst͡vʲɪnːə ˈɛkənəmʲɪt͡ɕɪskʲɪj/
6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:
Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:
Syllable | IPA Transcription | Rule Application | Exceptions/Special Cases |
---|---|---|---|
про | /prɔ/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant cluster 'pr' followed by vowel 'o'. | None |
из | /ɪz/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant cluster 'iz' followed by vowel 'i'. | None |
вод | /vɔt/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant cluster 'v' followed by vowel 'o' and consonant 'd'. | None |
ст | /st/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant cluster 'st' followed by vowel in the next syllable. | None |
вен | /vʲɪn/ | Onset-Rime: Palatalized consonant 'vʲ' followed by vowel 'i' and consonant 'n'. | Palatalization of 'v' due to following 'i'. |
но | /nɔ/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant 'n' followed by vowel 'o'. | Vowel reduction in unstressed syllable. |
э | /ɛ/ | Single vowel. | None |
ко | /kɔ/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant 'k' followed by vowel 'o'. | None |
но | /nɔ/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant 'n' followed by vowel 'o'. | Vowel reduction in unstressed syllable. |
ми | /mʲɪ/ | Onset-Rime: Palatalized consonant 'mʲ' followed by vowel 'i'. | Palatalization of 'm' due to following 'i'. |
че | /t͡ɕɛ/ | Onset-Rime: Affricate 't͡ɕ' followed by vowel 'ɛ'. | None |
ский | /skʲɪj/ | Onset-Rime: Consonant cluster 'sk' followed by vowel 'i' and consonant 'j'. | Palatalization of 's' due to following 'i'. |
7. Edge Case Review:
The interfix "-енн-" can sometimes pose challenges in syllabification, but in this case, it's treated as a single unit within the adjective formation process. The consonant clusters are common in Russian and follow established syllabification patterns.
8. Grammatical Role:
As an adjective, the word's syllabification and stress remain consistent. If used as a base for a noun (e.g., производственно-экономические отношения - productive-economic relations), the stress pattern would not change.
9. Definition & Semantics:
- Word: производственно-экономический (proizvodstvenno-ekonomicheskiy)
- Translation: Productive-economic, production-economic
- Part of Speech: Adjective
- Synonyms: продуктивный, экономичный (productive, economical)
- Antonyms: неэффективный (inefficient)
- Examples: "производственно-экономические показатели" (productive-economic indicators), "производственно-экономическая деятельность" (productive-economic activity).
10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:
While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or palatalization. However, these variations generally do not affect the core syllabification.
11. Phonological Comparison:
- экономический (ekonomicheskiy): э-ко-но-ми-че-ский (e-ko-no-mi-che-skiy) - Similar syllable structure, stress on the penultimate syllable.
- политический (politicheskiy): по-ли-ти-че-ский (po-li-ti-che-skiy) - Similar suffix and stress pattern.
- технический (tekhnicheskiy): те-хни-че-ский (te-khni-che-skiy) - Similar syllable structure and suffix.
The differences in syllable division arise from the varying prefixes and roots, but the core principles of vowel placement and consonant cluster handling remain consistent across these words.
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What is hyphenation
Hyphenation is the process of splitting words into syllables and inserting hyphens between them to facilitate the reading of a text. It is also used to divide words when the word cannot fit on a line.
This technique is particularly helpful in fully justified texts, where it aids in creating a uniform edge along both sides of a paragraph. Hyphenation rules vary among languages and even among different publications within the same language. It's a critical component in typesetting, significantly influencing the aesthetics and readability of printed and digital media. For instance, in compound adjectives like 'long-term solution', hyphens clarify relationships between words, preventing misinterpretation. Moreover, hyphenation can alter meanings: 'recreation' differs from 're-creation'.
With the advent of digital text, hyphenation algorithms have become more sophisticated, though still imperfect, sometimes requiring manual adjustment to ensure accuracy and coherence in text layout. Understanding and correctly applying hyphenation rules is therefore not only a matter of linguistic accuracy but also a key aspect of effective visual communication.