Hyphenation ofпротивопоставленному

Linguistic Analysis of "противопоставленному" (Russian)

1. Examination & Pronunciation:

The word "противопоставленному" is a long, complex adjective in Russian, derived from the verb "противопоставить" (to oppose, to contrast). Its pronunciation involves a series of consonant clusters and vowel reductions, typical of Russian phonology.

2. Syllable Division:

Following Russian syllabification rules, the word breaks down as follows (using only original letters):

3. Morphemic Analysis:

• Prefix: про- (pro-) - Slavic origin, indicates direction "against", "counter".
• Root: -тиво- (-tivo-) - Slavic origin, related to the concept of "against", "opposition".
• Root: -постав- (-stav-) - Slavic origin, related to the concept of "to put", "to place", "to set".
• Suffix: -ленн- (-lenn-) - Slavic origin, passive adjective suffix.
• Suffix: -ому (-omu) - Slavic origin, dative singular masculine/neuter ending.

4. Stress Identification:

The primary stress falls on the penultimate syllable: про-ти-во-по-став-ле́н-но-му.

5. Phonetic Transcription:

/prətʲɪvəpəˈstalʲɪnːəmu/

6. Syllable Breakdown & Rule Application:

Here's a detailed breakdown of each syllable, with IPA transcription, rule application, and potential exceptions:

• про /prə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.
• ти /tʲɪ/ - Open syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are broken before vowels. No exceptions.
• во /və/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.
• по /pə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.
• став /stalʲ/ - Closed syllable. Rule: Consonant clusters are broken before vowels. The 'в' is palatalized due to the following 'и'.
• ле́н /lʲɛn/ - Closed, stressed syllable. Rule: Stress influences vowel quality. The 'е' is pronounced as /ɛ/.
• но /nə/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.
• му /mu/ - Open syllable. Rule: Syllables are formed around vowel nuclei. No exceptions.

7. Edge Case Review:

Russian allows for some flexibility in syllable division, particularly with consonant clusters. However, the above division is the most common and phonologically justifiable. The palatalization of consonants before 'и' is a key consideration.

8. Grammatical Role:

The word is an adjective in the dative singular masculine/neuter form. Syllabification and stress remain consistent regardless of grammatical case.

9. Definition & Semantics:

• Word: противо́поставленному (protivopolozhennomu)
• Translation: opposed, contrasted, set against
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Synonyms: противоположенному (protivopolozhennomu), различным (razlichnym)
• Antonyms: подобному (podobnomu), схожему (skhozhemu)
• Examples:
  • "Его взгляды были противопоставлены моим." (Ego vzglyady byli protivopolozheny moim.) - "His views were opposed to mine."
  • "Этот подход противопоставлен традиционному." (Etot podkhod protivopolozhen traditsionnomu.) - "This approach is contrasted with the traditional one."

10. Alternative Pronunciations/Regional Variations:

While the standard pronunciation is as transcribed above, some regional variations might exhibit slight differences in vowel reduction or consonant palatalization. However, these variations generally do not affect the core syllable division.

11. Phonological Comparison:

• университетский (universitetskiy): у-ни-вер-си-те́т-ский. Similar structure with consonant clusters. Stress falls on the penultimate syllable.
• ответственность (otvetstvennost'): от-вет-ствен-ность. Similar consonant clusters and vowel reduction. Stress on the final syllable.
• непосредственный (neposredstvennyy): не-по-сред-ствен-ный. Similar structure with prefixes and suffixes. Stress on the fourth syllable.

The differences in syllable division are primarily due to the varying positions of vowels and consonants within the words. The rule of forming syllables around vowel nuclei remains consistent across all examples.